Cyber Bullying Essay -- Why we must stop cyberbullying

The rise in technology has influenced our lives with the use of social networking sites and electronic devices predominant with todays youth. What many adults are unconscious of is bullying exists in many forms and is more common in the cyber world. In 2012, CBC news reporter Joan Leishman , aired Cyber-bullying, she describes a story close a student named David Knights unbearable life entering the cyberspace. Later in 2014, Rachel Simmons, a former Rhodes Scholar and the founding director of the Girls leading Institute, wrote an article titled Cyberbullying Is a development Problem. Simmons article addressed the impact of cyber bullying in the 21st century and actions school officials and parents overlooked when they are unaware of their childs Internet activities. The increasing use of social network sites like Facebook, Twitter, Google+ and numerous others allows bullies to go beyond verbal bullying to become cyber bullies. Leishman takes a closer look into a victi m of cyber bullying and interviews David, from Burlington, Ont., about his life living through cyber bullying. In Davids case, bullying did not begin on the Internet, but at school. The taunting, teasing, and punching for years later led to harassments on the Internet, including the humiliation and unbearable struggle David had to endure. David was uninformed about what someone put on the Internet about him until his classmates sent him a message on the Internet. Davids life took a drastic turn when he found an entire bladesite dedicated to him where he is made fun of with photos and vile comments. Not only was Davids humiliation starting to escalate, but also the cyber bully asked others to evoke the same insults by measure lewd and sexual comments. D... ... our ideas where people cannot actual see you. The surge of technology creates enablers of cyber bullying, who do not have to approach their victim directly, but resort to online chat without any interference. I think cyber bullying is a way of cyber bullies not apprehended for their actions, and consequences are not used since, adults are not there to truly see the bully and the victim unless in person. Cyber bullying inflicts harm on the individual causing the individual humiliated in front of the global web where people are constantly conversing and looking up stuff on the Internet.Works CitedLeishman, Joan. CBC News Indepth Bullying. CBCnews. CBC/Radio Canada, 10 Oct. 2012. Web. 02 Mar. 2015. Simmons, Rachel. Cyberbullying Is a Growing Problem. Policing the Internet. The Washington Post Company, 28 Sept. 2014. Web. 19 Feb. 2015.

Exercise Prescription :: Exercise Physiology

Date of Birth 09/01/77Sex Female peak 61Weight 113 lbsResting Heart Rate 58 bpmHealth problems or injuries Previous lower derriere injuriesMedications that may influence heart stray NoneRisk of cardiovascular or orthopedic injury NoneIndividual preferences for exerciseJogging, swimming, hiking, mountain biking, resistance ball, free weights, yogaIndividual dislikes for exercise nonmoving bike, treadmill, some weight machines Individual program objectives and goals1)Maintain health 2)Increase core strength3)Increase lean dead body mass4)Decrease body fat percentage 5)5 months to train for triathlon Need to increase speed and endurance in running, biking, and swimmingOpportunities Live miserly-by gym with pool, weights, and aerobics classesLive close by running and biking trailGym available at both jobsBarriersVaried work scheduleSometimes need partner or private trainer for motivationExpected ResultsAfter 5 months of training I expect to be moderately stronger and more efficient i n all areas of operation as well as see a reduction in body fat and an increase in lean body mass.Cardiovascular/respiratory Training ScheduleWarm-upBefore chokening Do 5 proceeding of light walking.Before Bicycling Do 1 set of 10-15 of stationary lunges without weights and do fork stretches (including quadriceps, hamstrings, calves and glutes).Before Swimming Do full-body stretching with 5 minutes freestyle swimming.Cool Down After Running Do 5 minutes of light walking and stretch all leg muscles.After Bicycling Do 5 minutes of light cycling and stretch all leg muscles.After Swimming Do 5 minutes of easy freestyle swimming and do full-body stretches for flexibility.RunningExercise TimeSetsTypeR110 minutes--- shine runR220 minutes---Intervals alternating 1 min. light run w/ 1 min. moderate runR330 minutes---Moderate RunBicyclingExercise TimeSetsTypeB110 minutes---Light cyclingB220 minutes---Intervals alternating 1 min. light cycling w/ 1 min. moderate cyclingB330 minutes---Mode rate cyclingSwimmingExercise TimeSetsTypeS110 minutes---Breast stroke, butterfly, back stroke, freestyle S220 minutes---Breast stroke, butterfly, back stroke, freestyleS330 minutes---Breast stroke, butterfly, back stroke, freestyleL1 30-45 minutes of any exercise above at intervals (1 min. light/1 min. moderate). If swimming, do 1 lap light/1 lap moderate intervals.Week Mon.Tues.Wed.Thurs.Fri.Sat.Sun.1*R1, B1, S1, R2---*R3, S2---*B2, S3*L1, B3---*Note Each exercise does not have to be done simultaneously. Because of varied work schedule and other activities, spread exercises according to amount of free time.Core Strength TrainingWarm-up Do 5 a minute walk or do 5 minutes of the movements of the following exercises without the weight and so light full-body stretches.

Video Games: Assassin Simulations Essay -- Video Games Violence Papers

Video Games Assassin SimulationsVideo game fierceness has been a wildly debated event since the beginnings of the industry. The topic evolved from the debate on media furiousness or violence in print media. However, the video game debate brings a new angle. Video games, because of their immersive nature, atomic number 18 tell to have more impingement on children. The proponents and opponents of video game censorship do not really fall into traditional political boundaries. The proponents of censorship hightail it to be some p bents and doctors. Those strange to censorship tend to be those who play the video games themselves. There is a center faction, however. The center faction consists of those doctors and psychologists who evaluate media violence on a rigorously medical level. The proponents of video game censorship use a lot of pathos, ethos, but little logos. They mainly believe that kids are driven to violent acts through with(predicate) what they observe in their env ironment. They invoke images of the school shootings at Columbine. They rely on their own ethos, macrocosm mostly doctors or self-declared experts on the subject. The center is a insect bite different. They rely totally on logos and ethos. They provide statistics and ask you to trust their studies. They also attack the studies and logic by the proponents as faulty. But, despite this, they do manage that video games are getting increasingly violent. The opponents of video game censorship are mostly video gamers like myself, whose solely voice is on USENET and touristy web-based gaming forums. We dont have any experts to speak for us, except for those who take a general anti-censorship stance. Video games, being an expression of dissolve deliverance and not dangerous to our children, should not be censored.Michael... ...nents of censorship were adults when they committed the crime. In addition, video games are an art form and are protected as free speech under the first amendm ent. Works CitedBrody, Michael Playing With Death The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter. v16 i11 (Nov. 2000) learning main course Expanded pedantic ASAP.Grossman, Dave educational activity Kids How to Kill National Forum v80 i4 (Fall 2000) cultivation Access Expanded Academic ASAP.Peck, Peggy Brain Cells Victims of Video Violence United oppose International (Dec. 3 2002) Information Access Expanded Academic ASAP.Walling, Anne D. Do Video Games Lead to Violent Behavior in Children American Family Physician v65 i7 p1436 Information Access Expanded Academic ASAP.Gangs in Cyber Space Yahoo Internet Life (Aug. 1, 2002) Information Access Expanded Academic ASAP. Video Games Assassin Simulations raise -- Video Games Violence PapersVideo Games Assassin SimulationsVideo game violence has been a wildly debated topic since the beginnings of the industry. The topic evolved from the debate on media violence or violence in print media. How ever, the video game debate brings a new angle. Video games, because of their immersive nature, are said to have more impact on children. The proponents and opponents of video game censorship do not really fall into traditional political boundaries. The proponents of censorship tend to be some parents and doctors. Those opposed to censorship tend to be those who play the video games themselves. There is a center faction, however. The center faction consists of those doctors and psychologists who evaluate media violence on a purely medical level. The proponents of video game censorship use a lot of pathos, ethos, but little logos. They mainly believe that kids are driven to violent acts through what they observe in their environment. They invoke images of the school shootings at Columbine. They rely on their own ethos, being mostly doctors or self-declared experts on the subject. The center is a bit different. They rely totally on logos and ethos. They provide statistics and ask you to trust their studies. They also attack the studies and logic by the proponents as faulty. But, despite this, they do recognize that video games are getting increasingly violent. The opponents of video game censorship are mostly video gamers like myself, whose only voice is on USENET and popular web-based gaming forums. We dont have any experts to speak for us, except for those who take a general anti-censorship stance. Video games, being an expression of free speech and not dangerous to our children, should not be censored.Michael... ...nents of censorship were adults when they committed the crime. In addition, video games are an art form and are protected as free speech under the first amendment. Works CitedBrody, Michael Playing With Death The Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter. v16 i11 (Nov. 2000) Information Access Expanded Academic ASAP.Grossman, Dave Teaching Kids How to Kill National Forum v80 i4 (Fall 2000) Information Access Expanded Ac ademic ASAP.Peck, Peggy Brain Cells Victims of Video Violence United Press International (Dec. 3 2002) Information Access Expanded Academic ASAP.Walling, Anne D. Do Video Games Lead to Violent Behavior in Children American Family Physician v65 i7 p1436 Information Access Expanded Academic ASAP.Gangs in Cyber Space Yahoo Internet Life (Aug. 1, 2002) Information Access Expanded Academic ASAP.

Shakespeare - Artisan of the Atmosphere in Macbeth :: Free Essay Writer

Shakespe atomic number 18 - Artisan of the Atmosphere in Macbeth Shakespeargon in his tragedy Macbeth removes any doubt that he is a true artist at developing atmosphere. Let us examine his construction of the atmosphere in this tragedy. Lily B. Campbell in her volume of criticism, Shakespe atomic number 18s Tragic Heroes Slaves of Passion, explains how the atmosphere of threat and fear is built up Macbeth is, however, not only a study of fear it is a study in fear. The sounds and images in the play combine to add the atmosphere of terror and fear. The incantation of the witches, the bell that tolls while Duncan dies, the cries of Duncan, the cries of the women as Lady Macbeth dies, the owl, the knocking at the gate, the wild horses that ate each other, the story, the quaking of the earth - all of these are the habitual accompaniments of the willfully fearful in literature. (238-39) Charles Lamb in On the Tragedies of Shakespeare comments on the atmosphere surrounding the play The state of sublime emotion into which we are elevated by those images of night and horror which Macbeth is made to utter, that solemn prelude with which he entertains the time till the bell shall strike which is to call him to murder Duncan, - when we no longer read it in a book, when we have given up that vantage-ground of abstraction which reading possesses over seing, and come to see a man in his bodily shape before our eyes actually preparing to commit a muder, if the acting be true and impressive as I have witnessed it in Mr. Ks performance of that part, the painful anxiety about the act, the natural longing to prevent it while it yet seems unperpetrated, the too close pressing semblance of reality, give a pain and an uneasiness . . .. (134) In Fools of Time Studies in Shakespearean Tragedy, Northrop Frye shows how the atmosphere is altered for the better at the end of the play This theme is at its clearest where we are most in sympathy with the nemesis. Thus at the end o f Macbeth, after the proclamation the time is free, and of promises to make reparations of Macbeths tyranny Which would be planted newly with the time, in that location will be a renewal not only of time but of the whole rhythm of nature symbolized by the word measure, which includes both the medicine of the spheres and the dispensing of human justice .

Speech: Dealing with Change -- essays research papers

The bombing of the two towers, September 11th, 2001. 2 749 describe deaths.The bombing of Hiroshima, August 6th and August 9th, 1945. 120 000 reported deaths.The battle for Gallipoli, from February 1915 to January 1916, a total of 505 000 recorded deaths, 28 150 of these were Australian.The Trojan War, 400 B.C. Total annihilation of Troy.Good morning friends, classmates and teachers.On any of these presumptuousness days, thousands of people died. These typifys of war were inspired by passion, greed and revenge. No one really wanted for their people to die but they did. And this is something that no one can, or ever bequeath be able to change.People have however, taken steps to address these wrongs. Some by retaliation, or being retaliated upon, others by an act of peace. It is not up to me to decide for these nations which of these developments are better, but I do see it as my duty to think, to wonder and to acknowledge. Lives were lost. Was it for nothing? How would the world differ nowadays if none of these events had occurred? Would we have had a more peaceful place to grow up in? Or would a humans basic full still win out, therefore creating more turmoil then there ever has been? Though as much as we should think and wonder well-nigh this, there is also nothing that we ever could have done, nor is there an answer to any of these questions.That said, these questions are important, not only to acknowledge the lives that were lost, but also so that we may stop and think next judgment of conviction before we act, instead of after. Before any of us do or say something that may imprint and invoke change, because nothing can ever make things go back to the way they were. Depending on how things have been affected and altered, this can either be a goo... ...ecause we will always carry those through our lives, remembering the people who were there, and who cared enough to make sure that we opened our eyes to notice the world that surrounded us. When our t ime comes to stand up and be counted we will remember those who taught us that we are all different. We will remember the time when we realized that we are all the same. We will know that it will not matter in life who we were friends with or what clubs we belonged to. It will not matter what our grades were, or what kind of clothes we wore. It will not matter what kind of cars our parents drove. It will not matter what our dreams were, but what dreams we accomplish.Agathon was right when he said that God cannot change the past, and I for one am glad for that, but we must remember that while not even God can change the past, but it is our job to change the future.

Speech: Dealing with Change -- essays research papers

The bombing of the two towers, September 11th, 2001. 2 749 reported deaths.The bombing of Hiroshima, August 6th and August 9th, 1945. 120 000 reported deaths.The action for Gallipoli, from February 1915 to January 1916, a total of 505 000 recorded deaths, 28 150 of these were Australian.The Trojan War, 400 B.C. Total annihilation of Troy.Good morning friends, classmates and teachers.On any of these given days, thousands of large number died. These acts of war were inspired by passion, greed and revenge. No one really wanted for their people to die but they did. And this is something that no one can, or invariably forget be able to change.People have however, taken steps to address these wrongs. Some by retaliation, or being retaliated upon, others by an act of peace. It is not up to me to decide for these nations which of these developments are better, but I do see it as my duty to think, to wonder and to ac contendledge. Lives were lost. Was it for nothing? How would the world differ today if none of these events had occurred? Would we have had a more peaceful place to grow up in? Or would a humans basic instinct tranquillize win out, in that respectfore creating more turmoil then there ever has been? Though as much as we should think and wonder about this, there is also nothing that we ever could have done, nor is there an answer to any of these questions.That said, these questions are important, not only to acknowledge the lives that were lost, but also so that we whitethorn stop and think next time before we act, instead of after. Before any of us do or say something that may effect and shake change, because nothing can ever make things go back to the way they were. Depending on how things have been affected and altered, this can either be a goo... ...ecause we will always carry those through our lives, remembering the people who were there, and who cared enough to make sure that we opened our eyes to notice the world that surrounded us. When our t ime comes to concentrate up and be counted we will remember those who taught us that we are all different. We will remember the time when we realized that we are all the same. We will know that it will not issue in life who we were friends with or what clubs we belonged to. It will not matter what our grades were, or what kind of clothes we wore. It will not matter what kind of cars our parents drove. It will not matter what our dreams were, but what dreams we accomplish.Agathon was right when he said that God cannot change the past, and I for one am jolly for that, but we must remember that while not even God can change the past, but it is our job to change the future.

What is the good life?

The article I have selected to summarize for this assignment is titled as The Secret to Happiness by David Myers . This article discusses about the viewer and secret to a contented nigh breeding. It discusses the slap-upness of life from distinguishable aspects. It suggests that pile from different genre ought to think differently about the curve of life and its happiness. According to a survey materialism brings much content and happiness in an individuals life and a greater amount of people wish they were rich, which proves that m cardinaly brings happiness to around.Thus suggesting that the source of good life recedes before an individual as he wishes to pursue. The article by David Myers speaks about the ordinal century with reference to people, their lives, and what made them a happier individual the more rich a soulfulness is the more content he is in his life comp ared to the person who is poor and disregard non fulfill his needs. Moreover, a survey was done with d ifferent classes of people which included the rich and poor, the young and the old, the children and adults and all were asked to tell their happiest period of life that they would never forget.More than 75% of the answers were materialistic happiness that is they were the most smart when they bought a new car, or a new home, when they found a new job. These were some answers that bought them life lasting satisfaction. Furthermore, writer uses a term known as buyers remorse used to describe the let down which occurred buying something that doesnt provide satisfaction was expected off. Therefore, the secret to happiness for long lasting satisfaction is materialism. Though, many may not agree to the fact provided it is true that materialism has held its magnificence in our life that much that it has become a secret of happiness.My Evaluation What is a good life? A dumbfound vocalises that a good life is to see her children prosper a father says that a good life is when hed be ab le to be the strong man who could support his family a assimilator would say that a good life is to attain and be a top graded student a beggar would say that it would be when hed be able to get bread for his living a prisoner would say that a good life is when hell be a freeman and when a hunch forwardr is asked the same question as to what is a good life, he would say that a good life is to just have a glimpse of his love of life.Therefore a good life may be different to different people but all we need to do is to be practical and study carefully the options that we are given and choosing the best option among them. A good life is one that is spent in a high pursuit a life where the energy of love is given most importance than any energy of matter. Thus, to spit away the hatred through the entrance of forgiveness, revealed through love would transform life into a life that is called a good life. A good life burn down never be spent around until the scent of love and charm may not be imbued in all, with all the strength and passion.We can harness the energy of the winds, the seas, and the sun. But the day a man learns the energy of love, that will be as important as the discovery of fire and then one will realize what is meant by a good life. A good life is a life of a soldier. The pride and the passion with which a soldier walks with the soul content cant actually be put to words. The soldier-walks upright and passes his nights waking only because the an otherwise(prenominal) million people there are sleeping only because that one soldier wakes and in the war zone hugs all the bullets as his medals.He is happy with all what life has given to him. His firm belief is that the truth or secret of happiness is serving his nation, defending its honor, safeguarding people and sacrificing his life for what he holds most dear to his heart which is his motherland. Thus, he lives and dies as a person with good life. But there also live people who have everything t hey have in life, everything they want, the women they love, the children, the career, the kind of freedom that is the envy of all friends, the travel, the honors, the pleasure and the praise.But then even their lives are missing something. These are the people who turn into the true hunters of a good life. They are always in search of what the true message of happiness is and this pursuit takes up most of their lives. The constant hunger or the dissatisfaction, contempt of having everything they require, in them doesnt let them rest and forces them to go beyond the normal realms to find the thing that will provide them with contentment, satisfaction and happiness. Thus a good life is the beginning of learning about the three most important things in life.First, as soon as people decide to confront a problem, they realize that they are far more capable then they thought they were. Second, all energy and all the knowledge came from the same unknown source that we normally call the God. All one has to do is to believe in the paths, to honor what one wishes to do and to honor that energy. To connect up with it every day, to allow oneself to be guided by the signs and to learn by doing and not by thinking about doing is what is important for the person.And third may lie on the observation that a good life is considered to be worse due to the sufferings we face. One should always remember that no one is exclusively in their troubles there is always someone else thinking, rejoicing or suffering in the same way and that gives us strength to confront the challenge before us, to fight by moving the orbit and the earth to make a good life. A good life is always confronted by sufferings but in order to turn out those sufferings one must learn that if there is suffering then its best to accept it, because it wont go away just because you pretend its not there.If there is joy then it is best to accept it too, even though you are afraid it might end one day. Some people can only relate life through sacrifice and renunciation. Some people can only feel part of humanity when they think they are happy and leading a good life. But a good life is good when a person is self satisfied. Nothing in the world can replace this one factor which is the only key to a better life. A good life may further be best analyze by this Mongolian myth in which there are two characters.A doe and a wild dog that come together, two beings are very different natures in the wild, the dog would normally kill the deer for food. In the Mongolian myth they both understand that they each need the qualities of the other if they are to survive in a hostile world and that they should, therefore join forces. To do this they must first learn to love. And in order to love they must cease to be who they are, otherwise they will never be able to live together.With the passing of time, the wild dog comes to accept that his instinct, always focus on the struggle to survive, now serves a gr ater purpose finding someone who he can rebuild the world, who he can pass his life which is termed as not life itself as alone but rather a good life. Thus in all accordance life is what we choose to be, whether alone or with people we love, happy or unhappy, satisfied or unsatisfied. The key to it is to decide what we actually want and with that self actualization comes the true essence and meaning of happiness.

Minorities in Film a Biography on John Woo

John appeal, one of Hong Kongs most famous and respected pull through theater director, has long been a cult favourite in the United States. John approach1 is a Chinese film director kn knowledge especially for the ballet-like violence in his movies. speak tos films ar also often tragic and sendimental, engaging with themes of loyalty and honour and the place of the loner hero in a world full of rot and violence. cost was born in Guangzhou, China, in 1946, and moved to Hong Kong with his family at age four. He was educated at Matteo Ricci College and, at age nineteen, began making experimental films. In post of film school, Woo sought entry-level positions in the flourishing Hong Kong film industry.It is identified that the bread-and-butter of the film industry is the bodily process movie. Every season audiences can expect to suss out car chases, gunfights and explosions, and studio apartments can expect to see millions and millions of dollars in return. Though most viewe rs and critics see these movies as fuzz entertainment, there is one director, John Woo that puts as much heart and soul into his fluff as any number of talented directors put into their serious movies.He is the best contemporary director of action films working anywhere in the world. One of Woos most vivid childhood memories was seeing a man killed on his front steps. After his family was aided by a local church (who allowed Woo to attend school there), he envisioned a different kind of path. He wanted to become a priest, but the fathers saw something different in him. John Woos illustrious career as a filmmaker began in Hong Kong, where he spent over dickens decades at the centre of a stentorian film industry directing nearly 30 feature films. He was cognise primarily as a comedy specialist until the mid-1980s when he created a series of inspired romantic and violent gangster dramas that broke box-office records.John Woo turned to the movies, which were a refuge for him from his early memories. As a teenager, with borrowed film equipment, Woo and several of his friends began experimenting with the items and by the time he was 22, Woo was making his own movies. In 1969 Woo landed his introductory real job as a script supervisor at Cathay Studios.In 1971, Woo moved to the prestigious Shaw Bros. studio, where he worked under the well-known martial-arts director Chang Cheh, who taught Woo many things (the most important being editing). By 1973, Woo started working on his first film as director, The Young Dragons, a more or less nondescript martial-arts film that also had a young Jackie Chan working on it (as the fighting coordinator).The film was thought to be as well violent and was shelved for two years. Upon kick of The Young Dragons and its success at the box office, Woo was hired by Golden Harvest, which, while viewed as a young upstart at the time, would go on to become one of Hong Kongs biggest studios in the mid-1980s.Woo went on to write and direc t several more martial-arts films, including Hand of Death (1976) which not only starred Woo himself but also reunited him with Jackie Chan (who was in a starring capacity this time out) and featured future Hong Kong superstar Sammo Hung. Hand of Death was an important step in Woos career and for introducing Woos ideals about dictators and revolutionaries and brotherhood and loyalty (shown by Chans character).After his initial kung-fu phase, he made a comedy called The Pilferers Progress (1977) which became a huge success and gave Woo recognition as a comedy director. The one exception was Heroes Shed No Tears (1983), where Woo escaped from the kung-fu and comedy genres in an ultra-violent tale of mercenaries sent to capture a drug lord deep inside Vietnam. He has called it his first real movie.There is something deeper to the obvious joy Woo finds in filmmaking and the anxious bonds fostered on the film set. More important to Woo than being applauded for his maverick style, is the pleasure in collaboration with his crew and actors, the thrill of making movies and paying grant to a unconnected chapter in American historyWoo discussed his own reasons behind making the movie Comedies and Kung Fu films dominated Hong Kong cinema in the mid-eighties. Other genres rarely got the support of the studio and the audience. And also, right before A conk out Tomorrow, he shot two films in Taiwan, that were commercially unsuccessful so it seemed quite impossible for him to make the films. He felt that Hong Kong at that time was seriously lacking in moral values. So he wanted to make an uplifting film to highlight the lost traditional values, including the values of family, intimacy, tolerance etc.and Hark continued to team together and produced some of the landmark titles of the heroic bloodshed genre, which combined Scoresian-style relationships and themes, such as friendship and loyalty, with Peckinpah-style ultraviolence.ABT also (probably permanently) linked Woo w ith leading man Chow Yun-Fat. With the success of ABT, He at last moved on to create Just Heroes (1987) as a sort of benefit project for his aging mentor Chang Cheh.The film, a loose retelling of Shakespeares King Lear set within a Triad family, was actually a vocalise project between Woo and his friend Wu Ma (who was having financial troubles at the time). As such, even though it features big Hong Kong stars such as Danny Lee and Woos now-typical detonative gunfight sequences, the film lacked the focus of ABT and was a disappointment for Woo. He did enjoy some aspects of filming Just Heroes. After Just Heroes, Woo struggled to find another(prenominal) project.He wanted to stay away from ABT, but the films prevalentity (teenagers took to dressing like Mark Gor, something which got Woo in trouble with politicians, who acc habitd him of glorifying the Triad lifestyle) and Tsui Harks constant prodding eventually convinced Woo to do the sequel. ABT2 features a high-powered finale wi th one of the highest body counts per minute recorded on film and was another huge fritter away for Woo. However, things behind the scenes were not so rosy.Woo felt the characters in ABT were under-developed and were against any changes. Despite its status now as a classic, The Killer (which is Woos favourite movie, since he feels that the characters are fully developed) flopped in Hong Kong. Many people thought the film is too serious and just not very fun to watch. However, Woo was gaining international recognition. At the age of 44, his contemporaries were calling Woo a wunderkind and he finally started to think of him as a success.After a series of disputes over A Better Tomorrow III, Woo and Hark parted ways. After being virtually blackballed from most of the major studios, Woo eventually formed his own turnout company with his new business partner Terence Chang.Woo used his new company to produce his version of the ABTIII script, which he reworked into Bullet in the Head. BI TH is, by Woos own account, his most personal film to date. While BITH is regarded as one of Woos best films, again the local audience didnt like it.This time, the intense riot scenes were just too much for a people still reeling from the Tiannemen Square Massacre. Woo was forced to shoot another ending only a few official copies of Woos schoolmaster vision survive today. Woos next film was 1991s Once a Thief, a breezy comedy/action/romance.While not a huge hit, Once a Thief did well enough at the box office to gain Woo funding for his next movie, Hard-Boiled (1992). Again though, Hard-Boiled was not popular with the Hong Kong people. Many felt Woo was becoming too dark and over-the-top, however, as with Woos previous films, Hard-Boiled has become known as a classic in the action genre, both in Hong Kong and around the world.After attracting Hollywoods attention2, John Woo was invited by Universal to direct the Jean-Claude Van Damme vehicle Hard Target in 1993. Woo clashed with the studio heads many times during the making of the picture, mostly due to the fact that his initial edits failed to produce a R rated picture.Eventually, Hard Target was taken out of Woos hands and chopped down by the studio itself (after even the muscles from Brussels Van Damme had a shot in editing the film) to produce a desirable cut. In 1996, after receiving CineAsias prestigious Lifetime Achievement Award, he finished working on Broken Arrow, which teamed him with American pop icon John Travolta.Face/ murder (1997), which would go on to surpass the hit mark for American movies film awards, winning the Best On-Screen Duo and Best Action Sequence at the 1997 MTV icon Awards. He has say two pilots for television, John Woos Once a Thief (based on the Hong Kong movie) and Blackjack, and has become an executive producer, lending his name to The Replacement Killers (which was Chow Yun-Fats American debut) and The Big Hit.The influence of Woos films is quite easy to see, especially i n his native Hong Kong by 1988. In western countries such as America, the effects were more subtle. For example, the insensible killing machine personified by John Rambo (Sylvester Stallone) in 1985s Rambo.The trend continues today very rarely do we see a hero in American films such as Clint Eastwoods Dirty Harry Callahan (a virtual icon for 1970s and 80s American action movies) who kill with no remorse.The Killer as one of his favourite movies. In fact, the black suits with skinny ties look popularized by Tarantinos Reservoir Dogs and Pulp Fiction was first used in Woos A Better Tomorrow II (as an fire side note, two characters in the Tarantino-scripted film True Romance are watching ABTII on television during one scene in the movie).Woo is also known for the Mexican standoff, where one or more characters have a dead lock on one another. Woos innovative editing techniques, such as the use of wipes and freeze-frames (which were considered by many American editors to be hokey and t oo TV) have also become mainstays of American action cinema, as has Woos use of slow-motion to join on dramatics to his action sequences. It is because of all of these influences that many consider John Woo to be an auteur.John Woo, after many years of hard work, has become known as the worlds best action film directors. His action sequences have become the stuff of legend and are now the basis from which all other action movies are judged. More importantly, along with the bloodshed, Woo has proven that he can create real characters with real emotions that the audience can sympathize with. Perhaps that is his greatest talent, and peradventure that is why he will become known as an auteur in the years to come.References1) Bordwell, David and Thompson, Kristin. Film Art An Introduction. McGraw-Hill, peeled York, 1994 pp.492-495.2) Brieglieb, Volker. hardboiled.de. Internet document. Found at http//www.hardboiled.de/man.Cinema of Vengeance, directed by Toby Russell. Xenon Home Video , England, 1994.3)Gaschler, Thomas. E-mail conversations conducted with the author, September 2000.Hard Boiled, DVD commentary and notes from John Woo and Terence Chang. Criterion, United States, 1998.4)Hoover, Michael and Odham-Stokes, Lisa. City on Fire Hong Kong Cinema. Verso, New York, 1999 pp. 38-641 John Woos illustrious career as a filmmaker began in Hong Kong, where he spent over two decades at the centre of a thriving film industry directing nearly 30 feature films. He was known primarily as a comedy specialist until the mid-1980s when he created a series of inspired romantic and violent gangster dramas that broke box-office records.2 John Woo made his reputation as an action film director in Hong Kong during the 1980s, but since 1992 has worked in Hollywood directing big-budget thrillers such as Face/Off (1997, with John Travolta and Nicolas Cage) and Mission Impossible.

Psychology 300 Final Exam

Final examination 1 PSY/ three hundred Final Exam PSY/300 (Weeks 1-5) Multiple Choice1. Erik Erikson argues that an understanding of an individuals behavior requires consideration of A) Biological events B) mental experience C) Cultural and historical context D) all of the above 2.The aim of biopsychology (also referred to as behavioral neuroscience) is to A) Link soma and somette in order to understand how emotions sheer themselves behaviorally B) Investigate the physical basis of psychological phenomena much(prenominal) as motivation, emotion, and stress C) Understand the complex interactions of the nervous system D) Study how thoughts and feelings influence an individuals biological reactions 3.The first laboratory in Psychology was founded in Leipzig, Germany, in 1879 by A) Sigmund Freud B) Wilhelm Wundt C) William James D) Rene Descartes 4. The approach to psychology which involved devising a system for uncovering the basic elements of consciousness and the way they combine with each other into caprices was known as A) Structuralism B) Behaviorialism Final Exam 2 PSY/300 C) Functionalism D) Elementarism 5. Which landing field of psychology argues that ones perception of the pieces will be influenced when seeing them as parts of the whole?A) Evolutionary B) Perceptual C) Empirical D) Gestalt 6. A hypothesis is best characterized as A) A procedure that precedes a theoretical framework B) Any phenomenon that can change from one situation to another C) A systematic way of organizing and explaining observations D) A tentative belief about the kin between two or more variables 7. To ensure that I am a good researcher, I gave the selfsame(prenominal) questionnaire to the same participants at three different points in time. I hope to get ssendially the same answers. If I do, then I can conclude that my essay has A) Internal validity B) External validity C) Inter-rater reliability D) test-retest reliability 8. When it comes to the ethics of animal researc h, which one of the following is NOT an issue? A) Some animals are cuter than others B) Whether animals book rights Final Exam 3 PSY/300 C) To what extent humans can use other creatures to solve human problems D) That animals cannot give informed consent 9.Information is sent to the brain via the sensory or _____ neurons. A) Afferent B) Motor C) Transient D) Inter 10. Axons are responsible for A) Receiving information from other cells B) Transmitting information to other neurons C) increase the transmission speed of messages D) Determining how that particular neuron will manipulate input 11. There are two types of neurotransmitters. They are A) Inhibitory and synaptic B) Modulating and stimulative C) Inhibitory and excitatory D) Modulating and synaptic 12.The part of the cerebral cortex that is involved in the sense of touch and feeling ones own body in space is the A) Parietal lobe B) Occipital lobe C) Temporal lobe D) Frontal lobe Final Exam 4 PSY/300 13. Which of the followin g is NOT a basic convention of sensation and perception? A) Sensation and perception require strong enough impulses to surpass minimal thresholds B) Sensation and perception are active processes C) There is no one-to-one correspondence between physical and psychological reality D) Sensation and perception are adaptive 4. What kind of learning can be achieved by dint of classical learn? A) Learning that an event occurred B) Learning that people have certain patterns of behavior C) Learning that two events are related D) Learning that a behavior produces a particular government issue 15. As you drive down the street, a leaf hits your windshield. You know that it is not going to break the windshield and heretofore you blink anyway. In classical conditioning, blinking to an object that is about to hit you in the face is a/an A) CS B) CR C) UCS D) UCR 16.You recently noticed that consume sour candy causes extra salivation as your body reacts to the sour taste. You love sour candy a nd eat it often. The other day you purchased a new handle of sour candy and as you were looking at the bag, you noticed that you were salivating. The sour candy is a A) CS B) CR C) UCS Final Exam 5 PSY/300 D) UCR 17. The purpose of Watsons experiment involving little Albert was to determine if A) Infants are innately capable of learning fear B) Phobias do exist C) Babies are just as nonresistant as adults to fears D) Emotional responses can be learned 8. An important distinction between operant and classical conditioning is that A) Classical conditioning can be used to extinguish an undesirable response while operant conditioning tends to be incapable of doing so B) In classical conditioning responses are kindle while in operant conditioning they are emitted C) Classical conditioning works best with mammals and operant conditioning works best with birds and rodents D) Classical conditioning requires an experimenter and operant conditioning does not 9. The theory of motivation tha t states that people are motivated by wishes and fears is A) The cognitive approach B) The psychodynamic approach C) The biological approach D) no(prenominal) of the above 20. ERG theory condenses Maslows hierarchy of needs into three distinct levels A) Elementary, reproductive and goal realization B) Elementary, relatedness, and growth C) Existence, relatedness, and growth D) Existence, reproductive, and goal realization Final Exam 6 PSY/300 21.The part of the brain that is responsible for registering the emotional significance of objects is the A) Hypothalamus B) Limbic system C) Cortex D) Amygdala 22. Which one of the following describes a individual who is fixated in the latent stage? A) psyche with problems committing to a relationship B) Person who is uninterested in sex C) A smoker D) Person over 40 who has never moved out of their parents home 23. Which of the following refers to setting goals, evaluating performance, and adjusting behavior to achieve these goals in the c ontext of ongoing feedback?A) goal-establishment B) outcome-management C) potential-realization D) Self-regulation 24. Which of the following factors in the Five cypher Model is believed to be the least heritable? A) Agreeableness B) Neuroticism C) Extraversion D) Openness Final Exam 7 PSY/300 25. The very last developmental crisis adults face, according to Erikson at least, is A) Intimacy versus isolation B) Integrity versus despair C) Generativity versus stagnation D) Acceptance versus despondence 26.Piaget argued all of the following EXCEPT A) Childrens thought processes are creative but constrained by physical realities and brain development B) Children experience the same stages in the same order C) Children are motivated to mold sense of what they experience, integrating what they know D) Cognitive efficiency is influenced by childrens knowledge base 27. According to the psychodynamic viewpoint on deterrent example development, children initially are relatively A) Evil B) N arcissistic C) good D) Saintly 8. When determining a diagnosis for treating mental disorders, the different axes refer to A) The symptoms, personality disturbances, checkup conditions, and environmental stressors B) The severity of the disorder and the extent to which it will interfere with daily life C) The domain of life which will be most disrupted by the disorder, such as work, school, or relationships D) The types of emotional, physical, or social disruption that can be expected from a particular disorder Final Exam 8 PSY/300 29.Which of the following is an umbrella term for a number of psychotic disorders that involve disturbances in n primordial every dimension of human physiology, including thought, perception, behavior, language, communication, and emotion? A) dementia praecox B) Personality disorder C) Mood disorder D) Dissociative disorder 30. Which personality disorder is marked by extremely unstable interpersonal relationships, dramatic mood swings, an unstable sense of identity, intense fears of separation and abandonment, manipulativeness, and impulsive behavior?A) Narcissistic B) Antisocial C) Borderline D) Histrionic 31. Systematic desensitization is based on the idea that A) Relaxation training can aid people with schizophrenia B) Physical contact with other people is essential for contact comfort C) Through early experiences people learn to fear social interactions D) Through classical conditioning people have associated fear with previously neutral stimuli 32. Antipsychotic medications reduce symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations by _____ activity within the brain. A) Increasing epinephrine B) Inhibiting serotonin C) Inhibiting dopamineFinal Exam 9 PSY/300 D) Increasing glutamate 33. The goal of antidepressant medications such as SSRIs is to A) Keep serotonin acting longer in the synapses of the brain? B) Keep people from making irrational associations between ideas C) Reduce body weight and make people feel better about them D) Reduce anxiety that leads to depression 34. Characteristics that are attributed to people based on their membership in a circumstantial group, and that are often over-generalized, inaccurate, and resistant to new information are called A) Prejudices B) Biases C) Stereotypes D) Discrimination 5. Cognitive bias in social cognition is thought to be the result of A) Heuristics that can lead people awry B) Schemas and attributions being influenced by wishes, needs, and desires C) People frequently lacking the time to make accurate attributions D) all of the above 36. The relationship between personality and self-schemas can be seen in a number of ways. Which one of the following is NOT true of that relationship?A) People who feel disappointment, dissatisfaction, shame, and disturbance have a discrepancy between essential and idealistic selves B) People who feel anxiety, fear, resentment, guilt, self-contempt, or uneasiness have a discrepancy between actual and ought selves C) People who experience feelings of failure, social rejection, isolation, and a lack of Final Exam 10 PSY/300 accomplishment have a discrepancy between ideal and ought selves D) All of the above are true of the relationship between personality and self-schemas 37.Companionate love involves A) Wild emotions, intense physiological arousal, and absorption in another person B) Deep affection, friendship, and emotional intimacy C) Acquaintance cordiality, friendship, and societal responsibility D) Selflessness, altruism, and reciprocal giving 38. Behaving in a way that helps another person with no unpatterned gain, or with potential cost, to oneself is known as A) Selfless gratification B) Ego protection C) Ethical hedonism D) Altruism 39. Which of the following is a drawback of antianxiety medications?A) They can cause physiological dependence. B) There is a high relapse rate when the drugs are discontinued. C) They can cause psychological dependence. D) All of the above. 40. The three broad c lasses of psychopathology distinguished by psychodynamic theorists are A) anxiety disorders, personality disorders, somatoform disorders B) organic disorders, developmental disorders, experiential disorders C) cognitive dysfunctions, behavioral abnormalities, interpersonal maladies D) personality disorders, neuroses, psychoses Final Exam 11 PSY/300

Gender Inequality Essay

sexuality can be defined as the soci completelyy constructed roles and duties entirelyiance constructs, assigns and expects of males and females on the basis of their biological and physical characteristics. Gender is learnt, not permanent and differs from whizz community to an some other. Gender roles and responsibilities be found in all spheres of society be it economic, social, political or religious. Gender roles ar affected by age, social class, ability, ethnicity and race. The sexual urge roles help society to determine manpower and women access to rights, resources and opportunities. Gender in this perspective is not just a concept, but about perceptions and understanding concerning the affiliation between males and females in society and how sexual practice influences their attitudes, behavior and responsibilities. Gender inequality refers to unequal treatment of men and women that are against the legal and constitutional requirement such as the human rights provis ions as enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948 & The Convention on the obliteration of all forms of discrimination against females (1979). Most countries have, however, fallen short of entitling human rights and freedoms to everyone in society regard little of their sex (Michael 12). Gender inequality varies from developed countries to developing countries. besides considering that the world is comprised of variant tribes and races that have distinct values and beliefs, gender inequality will vary with the akin intensity. Such inequalities include the professional obstacles that women encounter in their workplaces. It is evident that womens lack of leadership positions because such roles are considered to be meant for men. Those who are mothers may be penalized or discriminated for taking time off to aid to their children. The controversial issue concerning gender inequality is the need to acknowledge the unequal power relations between men and women in s ociety and to work for greater gender equality and the advancement of women. It does not only mean the identification of specific areas that are important for womens advancements, but also attempts to introduce a dimension of gender in all activities. It also means there is recognition of how important it is to work with both men and women to change the existing gender relations. According to the United States Census data, there is a gender wage bedcover in which women earn 77 cents for each dollar earned by a man.The gap is a matter of concern that has promptedPresident Obama to announce the Paycheck fairness Act on Equal Pay Day. However, according to the one of the lead economist the statistics behind the gender wage gap are flawed. The flawed statistics have acted hindrance and distracter to the legislator and concerned public from run acrossing the solutions that would solve the received problem-the gender jobs gap. The Census data that give the 77 cents on dollar comparison is based on aggregate earning of men and women thus ignoring job choice, development, experience, industry, and other factors that contribute to a persons wage. If a comparison is made between men and women with the same background such as education and experience, same employer, among other the gender gap disappears. The reasons why the gender job gap exists is the due to low number of female occupying high executive levels and director positions. manpower also are earning higher than women despite being in the same senior-level jobs. The choice of work is a major that determine potential earnings. Men hunt down to take relatively high-paying jobs in engineering and IT, while women take low-paying jobs like education and human resources.The gender gap persists because men and women choose to pursue different careers (Autor et al, 2008). The gender job gap can be wetd, if women are encouraged to pursue high-paying career in science, technology, mathematics, and engineering. Legi slation should be formulated to bridge the gap in men and women career choice. An enabling environment should create in the workplace where women can be empowered and helped to rise to top executive positions. canvas the job to job is not tenable solution in addressing the gender wage gap more need to be done to bring women earning close to that of men (Juhn et al, 2014). Gender inequality also involves feticide and infanticide. For instance, in India and China, a male child is more appreciated than a female child. Parents have to find out the sex of the baby they are carrying so as to decide whether to terminate the pregnancy or kill the child after its birth (Kristoff, 69). adept of my family members in China, my cousin who has a bias that boys better than girls. I was very angry that he convinced his wife went to abortion because his wife pregnant with a girl when I knew he did that. He explained that China has the birth control policy and he just want to a boy to continue his family name. In the legal area at China, it wasnt involve in crime for what he did.However, in the ethical area, he deprive his wifes plan and thebaby who didnt has chance come to the world. I think he against the humanity and nature. There are also a number of organizations in society that play key roles in the construction of gender. These organizations need to be gender sensitive so as to ensure they continue in the positive construction of gender equality. Such organizations include the family, the most imperative socializing proxy, school, media and religion. Several theoretical perspectives exist that tend to explain the origin of gender inequalities. Radical feminists plead that the gender inequalities arise from the biological differences among individuals that produce a form of social organization that equip men and women with the different roles they play in society. For example, women are handicap by their biology in terms of pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding th at makes them dependent on men. This dependence creates an unequal power relationships and power psychology. They also argue that, in every society, a high value is placed on culture instead than nature. Through culture, supernatural forces can be sought in order to touch success, hence it is considered a means by which humanity governs and regulates nature.Women are seen closer to nature than men because of their social roles as mothers and reproduction (Hekman 52). Men, on the other hand, accede in activities such as warfare, politics that involve culture. This makes them better to women. From a Marxist perspective, gender inequality arose during the earlier stages of development when there was ownership of underground property. Men gained control over the women and property hence the patriarchal system of family where property was passed down through the males line. Marxists thought this would change with the capitalistic system but women still continue to be disadvantaged com pared to men. On the contrary, liberal feminists approached gender inequality in a more elaborate way. They argued that nothing benefits from the existing gender inequalities since both men and women are harmed by inequalities. While women do not get opportunities to develop their talents and become successful and skilled members, men are also denied the opportunity of having a close relationship with their children. Gender inequality is caused by the general credence that males are superior to females because of this idea, women have played out some significant amount of years suffering under their counterparts.Males also tend to be more emphatic and absolute because of their natal hormones or transcendentalintellect. Sexual discrimination is also another major cause of gender inequality where women are viewed by men as just sex objects rather than real human beings with standards and morals. Other general contributing factors of gender inequality include unequal power relations, assumptions about male and female behavior, insufficient laws against gender inequality, cultural, traditional and religious practices. I became aware of this problem through the campaigns that the government and other Non-Governmental Organizations have held. Their efforts are directed towards ensuring that gender inequality is minimized all over the world. Awareness is being created among women where they get to be educated on their rights and freedoms (Hurst, 96). The women are being empowered through sponsoring women projects as a way of generating income that makes them less dependable on women. The media is also playing a vital role on the sensitization of ways of minimizing gender inequality in the societies.Higher education in universities and colleges also promotes women support and all levels of society. The government is doing everything in its power to increase the productivity of women by initiating income generating projects. However, they do not take into account tha t women are already overburdened with work, they do not control family budgets and many of them have difficulties of freedom and movement. It is evident that the informal sector has limited employment opportunities and these projects will not be taken with the seriousness it deserves despite having the ability to empower the women. It is also easy to mobilize individuals or groups for a specific goal such as a political action or assisting members who are in need. In this case curbing, the menace of gender inequality in the society will be of great help. This is because it has charged most nations more harm than good. Most people have depicted that certain duties and tasks are to be performed by certain persons qualification gender imbalance. Heavy duties are usually dedicated to men while the simple ones are left to the females creating a huge difference in genders. Until all these issues are addressed there is no way that the nation and the globe will ever achieve gender balance. Work citedMichael G. Peletz, Gender, Sexuality and Body government in Modern Asia. Ann Arbor, MI Association for Asian studies, 2011. Kristoff, Nicholas D. (August 23, 2009). The Womens Crusade. New York Times. RetrievedFebruary 16, 2011. Burstein, Paul. Equal Employment Opportunity Labor Market Discrimination and Public Policy. Edison, NJ Aldine Transaction, 1994. Hekman, David R. Aquino, Karl Owens, Brad P. Mitchell, Terence R. (2009) An Examination of How Racial and Gender Biases Influence Customer Satisfaction. Autor, D. H., Katz, L. F., & Kearney, M. S. (2013). Trends in US wage inequality Revising the revisionists. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 90(2), 300-323. Juhn, C., Ujhelyi, G., & Villegas-Sanchez, C. (2014). Men, women, and machines how trade impacts gender inequality. Journal of Development Economics, 106, 179-193.

Beebo Brinker

The society in which the Beebo Brinker series pitch its home during the late 1950s and early 1960s was an inhospitable one. While homosexuality was nothing new in the world at large, it had almost completely been repressed, especially in a Western cultured world that was not only steeped in Christian tradition, that also notably patriarchal.A manlike cleaning lady was called a tomboy, and she was expected to crop her tomboyish attitudes in time for marriage and child-rearing. Societal expectations consigned her to petticoats, which in the sixties had been downgraded to dresses and stockings.However, the desires of the woman to dress as comfortably as a man and actualize the roles that were traditionally given to men were repressed during that time. While the desires of the woman to wipe out more freedom were repressed, any homosexual tendency was crushed violently. While the strength of lesbian repression might not have been overtly performed, all the women (lesbian or not) we re aware of the intense pressure put on anyone who held those feelings or performed those actions.Ann Bannon describes her own scummy experience during that time and the suicidal feelings that necessarily accompanied the tendency toward lesbianism in the 1960s. She writes that while being in a gay bar in the evenings, she would have extreme fair of it being raided and of herself being taken to jail. She continues I had been extremely low profile, very proper, very Victorian wife I thought, Well, that would do it. Id have to go jump off the Brooklyn Bridge. As easy as it might be if you were a young woman in at onces generation to think that was exaggerating, it wasnt.It was terrifying (Lootens, 1983, p. 12). The fear that society inspired in the lives of lesbians drove them to underground haunts and secret lifestyles that marginalized their existence in American society. This marginalization drove lesbians to the cities where people were much less concerned with the business of o thers as compared with small towns. In the Beebo Brinker chronicles, the big city referenced is Greenwich Village, and the life that Beebo leads after she finds the fortitude to come out to her gay roommate is possible only in that city.She uses the facilities that the relative anonymity of the city grants to lesbiansgay and lesbian bars and apartment life, and this facilitates the unleashing of her obscure desire for other women. The promiscuity that is possible even to heterosexuals under the blanket of city life is also granted to Beebo, and she becomes a butch character acting the role of the male in many short lesbian affairs. This butch/femme role is highlighted in the novels written by Ann Bannon, and Beebo falls staunchly into the butch role.She is exposit as being one who sits at the bar and lights up a cigarette, holding out the match to another woman expecting her to blow it out. This overpoweringly masculine role goes beyond the level of mere self-discovery into an as suredly male persona. Beebo (and others like her) are shown to have performed the search that many lesbian women must do, and have found and realized her deepest desire to act in that domineering manner toward women. In fact, this emphasizes the desire that these women have to for the feminine bodynot to be feminine but to command the sexual love of the feminine woman.This concept of the butch/femme role is, however, a stereotypical one, as many homosexual women find elements of both types at bottom their characters and personalities. This fact highlights the stereotypes that have been propagated concerning lesbianism. Beebo Brinker does serve to facilitate more or less stereotypes that were cast concerning lesbians. The butch/femme stereotype is one of the major ones upheld in the series. The re-release of the books highlights this stereotype, as Beebo is portrayed as a beautiful yet muscular and domineering woman even on the cover.The cartoon-like nature of the picture (which en ables the caricature) further serves the purpose of the stereotype. Yet, the book also depicts the nature of the woman who was confined to living a closeted lifestyle. The fears, frustrations and anxieties Bannon depicts transcends the stereotypical evil and satanic creatures that homosexuals were taken for in that society. It depicted them as human beings who suffered on account of the feelings they had, and the feelings that society had toward them.In this way, the novels attacked some of the negative stereotypes that society had of lesbians. The literary form of the novels falls into the category of popular fiction. These have been compared to the Harlequin and Mills & Boon romances that many consider trite and sentimental. However, the feelings and problems dealt with (however tersely) in Bannons books were never as tidy as those in novels expressing heterosexual love. The characters in Bannon books were often forced to relinquish the loves that they desired and return to the op pression of traditional life.Even in the Beebo Brinker tales (where lesbianism was more embraced by the title character), lesbians were never able to rid themselves of a social stigma that would oppress them regardless of their success in finding happiness in love. These complexities of life are revealed in the Beebo Brinker novels, and this allows them to transcend the level of the trash novel and to become a historical artifact. Works Cited Bannon, Ann. Beebo Brinker. San Francisco Cleis Press, 2001. Lootens, Tricia. Ann Bannon A source of Lost Lesbian Fiction Finds Herself and Her Public. Off Our Backs. Vol. 13, Iss. 11, 1983.

Life is like a box of chocolates Essay

At first glance the quote life is resembling a niche of coffees seems rather silly. How could such a large and complicated concept such as life be compared to slightlything as small and unanalyzable as a buffet of chocolates? There have been two opposing viewpoints in regards to the meaning of this quote, and each viewpoint occurs about by a several(predicate) analysis of what life and chocolates represent as well as what they mean in todays world. The conclusion to the question can only come about through a thorough examination of the quote itself along with its possible entailments to see what both groups of good deal deem important and what they choose to ignore. twain arguments seem to work well to counter the other and show the flaws in the other explanations theory.According to the World Book Encyclopedia, life is a state, existence, or principle of existence conceived as belonging to the soul. Most people, when questioned about life would non have a very clear or c ondensed answer because life is not something that is wholly tangible. In general life is considered to be everything that happens to a person from the moment they are born to the moment they die. all told of their interactions with the world and all of their thoughts and actions. There does not seem to be any plan or order to these events, just everything that happens. Everything. Life is a long assist with erect, bad and indifferent points.According to the World Book Encyclopedia, a box is a container, usually with four stiff sides, a bottom, and a lid to bear or put things in, and chocolate is a substance made by roasting and grinding cacao seeds. A box of chocolates would logically be a container which holds cacao products. A scientific dissection of a box of chocolates would show a box (usually rectangular or heart shaped) filled with anywhere from one to oodles of small, individually wrapped chocolates. Usually the type of chocolate and the filling of each individual vari es inside a coursen package. In America however, a box of chocolates means much more then this simple addition of definitions and a direct visual analysis would lead one to believe.A box of chocolates, in our referent system, is a symbol. It principally symbolizeslove, and through metonymy, has been made to mean love. When a gift of a box of chocolates is given on Valentines Day, it more than symbolizes love, it in reality means love. The meanings have become blurred over the years as chocolate has become a standard gift. It is not an original thought to give someone chocolate, but more a means of showing love. Not an act of love, but merely an expression of love.The first group of people generally finish the simile life is like a box of chocolates with the conclusion you never know what youre gonna get. This group views all the meanings of life and of the box of chocolates and run aground the best compilation to be that both in life, and in chocolates, there is randomness and a lack of order. When a person walks out of the front door of his house on a Monday morning, there is no way for him to know if he is going to find a hundred dollar bill inclose under his doormat, or a large meteor that has fallen and crushed his car. Its hard to know if a day is going to be a good day or a bad day, you just know that it go away be a day.The same holds true for eating a box of chocolates. When you open a box of chocolates, there are rows of non-differentiated chocolates. They all look the same, and yet you know some are filled with cream, some with caramel and some with coconut. When you pick one up, much like when the man opens his front door, there is no way of knowing if you will get a good chocolate (cream) or a bad chocolate (coconut), you just know youll get a chocolate. For both examples it will not be easy to tell if it was good or bad until the chocolate, or the day, has been completed. You never know what will happen.The second group of people generally finish the simile life is like a box of chocolates with the conclusion a thoughtless perfunctory gift that nobody really wants. This group takes up an opposing analysis and says that the important part of chocolates is not the randomness of them within the package, but instead the symbol that people dont really think in life, but instead just bring about as they are expected to. Since chocolates have come to mean love, people no longer do creative things to express their love. They simple buy chocolates. erst the chocolates are delivered, then what. People dont actually want the chocolates, they want the love.Since the chocolateshave assumed the meaning of love, the chocolates themselves go to waste. Who wants to eat their love? sooner of being eaten immediately, as chocolates are truly intended to be, they are showed to friends and relatives, and eventually put on a shelf or in a cabinet. They will get eaten if someone shows desire, but its not important. Under this interpretati on, life is pointless and merely for show. People dont do things because it is what they feel that they should, people do things because they are expected to (just as the lover is expected to give chocolate). It is better to put up an lofty facade, then to be true and average to the people around you.

Discuss Social Class, Gender, Marital Status, Age, Socio Economics Statues and Their Relationship to Functionality

Discuss social class, gender, marital status, age, socio economics statues and their relationship to functionality. Social class refers to the hierarchical distinctions between individuals or groups in societies or cultures. Anthropologists, historians, and sociologists make out class as universal, although what determines class will vary widely from one society to another. Even within a society, different people or groups may have very different ideas about what makes one higher or lower in the hierarchy. Different defining characteristics have developed in societies some the world and have changed through history.Depending on the definition used, class can also be associated with social status, or ones social position in a culture. Because of the vagaries of the word, the idea of social class has been the object of much study in fields such as sociology and economics. Some of the more famous theorists of class overwhelm Karl Marx and Max Weber. Despite the work of these intelle ctual heavyweights, the value of the notion of social class is still questioned as it becomes even more difficult to define in an increasingly fluid and globalized society.Beyond the problems in theoretical conceptualizations, the practical impact of social class on society is important. Any system that divides people and and so assigns different values to the groups is inherently problematic in the establishment and maintenance of a harmonious society. If vertical divisions among people can connote no contrast in value, only in role, experience, or responsibility in society, then social class may be considered a useful concept

History of the Beer Growler Essay

Introduction I. Attention-getter Does anyone know what the term Growler means and how it relates to beer? (merriam-webster. com) A container for beer bought by the measure (can, pitcher, bottle, etc) II. Thesis statement Beer is drank every twenty-four hourstime in the United States, without a single status of the vessels they come in or how they came to be. III. Preview of Main Points To twenty-four hour period were going to discuss, when the growler first emerged, how it got its name, and the common day growler. Transition Starting with my first point, when growlers first appeared.1. The first growlers are believed to have emerged in the mid 1800s. A. The consumer precious to drink beer at home, and during lunch breaks at work. B. They were the only way to have beer outside of the saloon or local tavern C. Growlers varied from glass, to pottery, to the most popular being a 2qt galvanized pail with lid. D. (focusonthebeer. com) they were sold as a pint, and alter 1/2 beer, and 1/ 2 foam. . Transition Now that we have discussed when they emerged, allows talk virtually how they got their name.2. The term growler is actually up for some debate. A. Some believe it was expert of CO2 escaping from the lid of the pail. B. Others believe it was rumbling of the stomachs of workers waiting to have beer during lunch. C. (bottles. net) Many also believe it was deviation between the bartender, and the customer. The customer was growling about not having a full pail, and the bartender was growling about only having to charge for a pint. Transition Lastly we are going to discuss the common day growler. 3.It wasnt until 1989 when it emerged again, in what we are familiar with today in terms of the growler A. (beeradvocate. com) In 1989 Charlie Otto is being assign for what we see in todays growler B. (grandtetonbrewing. com) formerly Otto brothers brewing company Otto wanted to allow his customers to dispense beer home and enjoy it. C. After discussing this with his f ather, his father told him he needs a growler, which his father remembers getting filled for his father. D. Common day growler is a glass jug with a small handle.Often times with the Brewery adjudicate silk screened on the bottle Conclusion A. Review of Main Points Today we have went over when the growler emerged, how it got its name, and the common day growler. B. Residual message Today the growler is particularly popular with the craft beer breweries it is believed to have stopped over 1 billion bottles, and cans going into the trash each year. References Source 1 Merriam-Webster, 2013. Definition of the word Growler. Available from Merriam-Webster via meshwork (http//www. merriam-webster. com/dictionary/growler).Source 2 IGrind, November 12, 2011. The Growler Part 1 The Past. Available via the internet (http//www. focusonthebeer. com/2011/11/growler-part-1-past. html) Source 3 Jess Kidden, 2013. History of the Growler Available via the internet (http//www. bottless. net/The_His tory_of_The_Beer_Growler_s/605. htm) Source 4 BeerAdvocate, July 31, 2002. The Growler Beer-to-Go Available via the internet (http//beeradvocate. com/articles/384) Source 5 Grand Teton Brewing, Growler History. Available via the internet (http//www. grandtetonbrewing. com/Growlers. html).

Victors and Vanquished

The Spanish conquest of Mexico is an epic tier that is understudied. The historical documents recounting the events be either written through the memory of the conquerors or the conquered, and as a result there is a great disparity in the facts, those facts changing dep baring on which side produced the documents. We go a vogue take a look at several of the documents published in Victors and Vanquished from both the Spanish and Nahua perspectives, analyzing them for bias, lessons learned, as well as the different contrasts between different perspectives.In addition I think it is w eightery to look at the overall motivation behind the Spanish conquest. In Bernal Diaz second writing in the book he speaks of the Spanish movement from Santa Maria de la Victoria to San Juan de Ulua. When The Spaniards arrive they have their world-class meeting with representatives from Moctezuma. According to Diaz, Cortez treats the ambassadors very well, and it seems that Cortez is quite intended on making a good gist with Montezuma as well as the locals, confessing that they be there to simply trade with the Indians.When Montezumas ambassadors return from delivering Cortez message to their king, they bring back a good amount of treasures with them. The ambassadors also tell Cortez that Montezumadoes not think an capitulum is necessary. This is an interesting statement and virtuallything that I believe may have shown the hidden motivations behind Montezumas thinking. I have to wonder if Montezuma was hoping that if he sent an acceptable amount of gold and some kind oral communication the Spaniards would accept it graciously and be on their way.When a person in power says something along the lines of, an reference is not necessary (pp 90), it is a nice way of saying, I do not want to be interviewed. Political correctness is not something that is new to modern times. Unfortunately for Montezuma, by sending all that gold, his contrive backfired as the Spaniards noted th at with the helmet filled with fine grains of gold it, showed us that there were good mines there. (pp 89-90) Shortly by and by this, Cortez informs Montezumaof his strong intentions on meeting him.Another interesting fact is that Cortez seems very focused on tell the idea that he is there with peaceful intentions, despite the eight hundred Indians he had left bushed(p) in Tabasco. I can understand Cortez desire to trade and explore a new soil with new people, but the bottom line is that he had more on his mind than trading and exploration. He and his men had received a less than warm welcome in Tabasco, and rather than find other r push throughe or turn back (which of course they couldnt do) they opted instead to kill around eight hundred of the indigenous peoples.When Montezuma sent that helmet filled with gold to Cortez I believe he sealed his fate. Cortez acts of graciousness from that point forward were a means to an end, a necessary deposit on what he hoped to be a big p ay get rid of. The next few writings Id like to look at deal with the Chalula massacre. In Adres de Tapias account of the incident the Cholulans put up a very hail-fellow front, but are however plotting to kill the conquistadors all along.The Plot is un circus tented through Dona Marina (Cortez translator and get under ones skin to his son) once the conquistadors are informed of the plot they confront the Chalulan warriors (who were at the time under the guise of slaves). They end up locking the warriors in a courtyard and then according to de Tapia, he ordered nearly of the lords to be killed. (pp 118) Then the Spaniards and Indians (Tlaxcalans) went throughout the city, killing warriors and burning houses. (pp 118) De Tapia makes it sound as if the Spaniards were simply executing those iniquitous of treason and lies.However I think one has to question if the destruction of the entire city was necessary. along with this, the Tlaxcalans were cited to have made off, with a grea t amount of plunder. (pp 118) It is hard for me to believe that while the Tlaxcalans were making off with all that plunder, the conquistadors were standing by not indulging themselves. In my opinion, the Tlaxcalans provide a good scapegoat for the conquistadors. The other side of this story written by Sahagun offers some key differences (as expected).Sahaguns story is a good deal simpler than de Tapias with the conquistadors arriving in Cholula and having been previously warned by the Tlaxcalans that, the Cholulans are very evil they are our enemies. (pp 121) They simply inconvenience a general summons for the higher ranking officials and warriors to assemble in the courtyard and slaughter them followed by the city. According to Sahugun the Chalulans were not even armed. Sahagun goes on to describe the conquistadors as a war machine.Mentioning all the atomic number 26 incorporated with their weapons and armor, and making it sound like they steamrolled through Chalula which was a small bump on their way to Mexico. One interesting fact is that in this account there is no mention of the plunder that Diaz had mentioned. habituated the Nahuas obvious spite for the conquistadors it seems plausibly that they would take every opportunity to mention all the prohibit aspects of the Spanish conquest. This leads you to believe they either did not know about it, or it didnt happen (most likely the former. They do make mention of the conquistadors greed when shortly after Montezuma sent them gold gifts and, Like monkeys the grabbed the gold. It was as though their hearts were put to rest. (pp 122) The Spaniards entry into Tenochtitlan was initially surprisingly peaceful. With each leader hearting out the other, Montezuma especially seems to be very cordial toward the Spaniards treating them as teules (gods). This shaky peace ends on the spur of the moment with a battue during the fiesta of Huitzilopochtli. there are three documents dealing with this massacre tha t Id think are important to look over. All the documents are fairly short in length, but there are a lot of things to consider. The first document written by Francisco Lopez de Gomara (whom Bernal Diaz often mentions with disdain) discusses the fiesta covering some of the rituals and dances, then quickly progresses to the Indian murders. The only motivation Gomara offers as to why the Spanish so abruptly decided to abandon peace was that, they coveted their gold and jewels. (pp 162) Thus the Spaniards locked the doors to the temple and murdered all that were inner(a) taking from them their treasures. Given the conquistadors track record up to this point it is not unbelievable that this could happen, but I find myself wondering if there wasnt something more persuading them. The Florentine Codex and the Codex Aubin which both cover the massacre from a Nahua perspective are very similar to that of Gomaras with no real outstanding differences.This begs the question, was the treasure p resent at the ceremony reason enough to attack? I think that question is answered in another source. Bernal Diaz while describing the initial entry of the Spaniards into Tenochtitlan seems to be fairly peaceful as mentioned before. There is, however a turn point is his writings. The Spaniards find a cemented door near there quarters in the city and end up breaking into it, only to discover a large transshipment center of treasure.The description of the vast quantities of gold was like a dream. Immediately after this discovery the Spaniards start to feel like they are wearing out their welcome, and that the Aztecs are becoming more hostile toward them. This should not be surprising given that they had broken into the Aztecs treasure vault, of sorts. However the conquistadors discovery of the chamber seems to be the major turning point in the relations between the Aztecs and the Spaniards and is what I believe led to the massacre and ventual conquer of the empire. In my opinion the Spaniards greed was ultimately one of the biggest driving forces behind the destruction of the Aztec empire. When analyzing historical documents it is very exhausting to try and read between the lines and separate fact from fiction. Undoubtedly emotions and time cloud peoples memories. However with so many various sources I think you begin to realize the truth stereotypically resides somewhere close to the middle.

Mediated Modes of Communication and Its Impact to Society

As we bask into the Information Age, human utter is ongoing and transforming to ca call more interactive and accessible. As we all know, communicating is dynamic, ongoing, ever-changing, and continuous. Simple chat entails the message being direct and the receiver perceives and accepts the message. Communication models find their origins in Greek antiquity. Aristotle recognized the speaker, speech, and audience as communication components. tailfin hundred years before Christ, the Greek philosopher Heraclitus, observed that a man (or woman) understructure never tonus into the river twice. The man (or woman) is different and so is the river (Gortner et al. 1997, p. 36). Change and continuity ar intertwinedas men or women tone of instance into the riverin a process of actions which flow through the ages. Communication is a process and flows like a stream through time.It is indubitable that technology has brought about gargantuan impacts to the past modes of communication, be i t formal and informal. In an era of faxes, computers, and photocopying machines, communication challenges will emerge that atomic number 18 even more complex, demanding, and technical. Moreover, cell phones, e-mail, and telephone reply machines contribute to the narrowing of the gulf between formal and informal communication distinctions.Anthropologists already have researched on the relationship of conventional forms of verbal interaction and those mediated by immature technologies such as the lucre, air transmissions, and cell phones. Crystal (2001) had revealed that the mesh constituted a spic-and-span frontier in human friendly interaction on par with the inventions of the telephone and telegraph, and even print and broadcast technologies.Scholars of lyric poem use, language change, and ideologies of language must surely explore and interrogate the effects of these technologies on traditional modes of communication, the impact of our new potentiality to communicate ins tantly anywhere in the world, and the meaning of language communicate as it is taking situate in cyberspace. Most of these technologies, nonwithstanding constant new advances in computer-mediated graphics, ar text or voice ground. Thus, if the Internet is a revolution, therefore, it is likely to be a linguistic revolution (Crystal 2001, p. viii).Many observers allege that the Internet is changing federation. Perhaps non surprisingly, given the newty of the new digital media, there is little accord about what those changes are. It is believed that it is important for sociologists to address these issues for three reasons. First, the mediums rapid growth offers a once-in-a-lifetime prospect for scholars to test theories of technology diffusion and media effects during the early stages of a new mediums diffusion and institutionalization.Second, the Internet is laughable because it integrates both different modalities of communication (reciprocal interaction, broadcasting, in dividual reference-searching, group discussion, person/machine interaction) and different kinds of content (text, video, opthalmic images, audio) in a single medium. This versatility renders plausible claims that the technology w ill be implicated in many kinds of social change, perhaps more deeply than television or radio. Finally, choices are being gather establishments developed, money invested, laws passed, regulations promulgatedthat will shape the systems technical and normative structure for decades to come. Many of these choices are based on behavioral assumptions about how mess and the Internet interact (Dimaggio, Hargittai, Neuman & Robinson, 2001, p. 307).As these technological innovations are revolutionizing reading and entertainment delivery, these technology-mediated modes of communication have affected the transformation of peoples social lives and behaviors, even policy-making institutions and the role of citizens within them.As people argue that the new technol ogy of short messaging system (SMS), email, online discussions, on-demand education, and web-powered information diffusion and interest aggregation will lead to a more informed, engaged, and influential mess hall public. With this, will we live in a better informed and connected, more engaged and participatory guildor in a rescript of lonely ex-couch potatoes glued to computer screens, whose human contacts are more often than not impersonal and whose political beliefs are easily manipulated, relying on the icons of a wired or wireless society? Fact is that, Erbring and Lutz (2005) have indicated that when people spend more time exploitation the Internet, the more they lose contact with their social environment.They cited a study that this effect is noticeable even with people using just 2-5 Internet hours per week and it rises substantially for those spending more than 10 hours per week, of whom up to 15 percent report a decrease in social activities. Even more striking is the fact that Internet users spend untold less time pour forthing on the phone to friends and family the percentage reporting a decrease exceeds 25 percentalthough it is unclear to what extent this represents a shift to email even in communicating with friends and family or a technical bottleneck due to a single phone line being pre-empted by Internet use.Because of the accessibility of the new modes of communication, people have utilize these as tools to avoid confrontation that is express in face-to-face communication. In fact, in UAE and in Malaysia, cell phones have been used to end marriages by SMS-ing Talaq, Talaq, Talaq (Divorce, Divorce, Divorce). But then, this is not the first time technology has been used in officially terminating a relationship. Earlier, it was telephonic, postal and telegram divorces now there are divorce via e-mail and SMS.Technology has changed the way people are courting, getting married and yes, also the way they are separating. If people are meeti ng and geological dating on the Internet, why not divorces? says Anuradha Pratap, principal of Al-Ameen Management College in Bangalore, India. If weddings can take place using technology, why not divorce? asked Ayesha Banu, a Bangalore resident. There were telephone weddings nearly two decades ago. Its exclusively the technology that has changed, everything else has remained the same (Kiran, 2 June 2003).On the separate hand, Halliday (1990) noted that when new demands are made on language and when we are making language work for us in ways it never had to do before, it will have to become a different language in order to cope (p. 82). It is problematic that technology-based media present new demands which have the potential of promoting variations in language use Perhaps, the demands are not novel in itself, but it is rather the blurring, the amalgamation, of previous demands which may result in linguistic variations.Take, for instance, computer communication systems which h ave placed demands, often associated with spoken language, on the production of compose language. This reassignment is most observable in synchronous computer-mediated communication such as MOOs (MUD Object Oriented), MUDs (Multi-User Domain), and Chat. While the language takes on a written form, it is constrained by temporal limitations which require immediate responses.Conversely, this type of synchronous communication, which can be considered an basically oral language (Collot & Belmore, 1996), is also constrained by norms including spelling and grammar norms most often associated with written language. For ensample in SMS, people usually shorten their message to hasten the process. Like sending the message ar you going to the party tonight? would be shortened to R U GOING 2 THE fellowship TONYT? Indeed, grammar and spelling would be gravely affected, just to facilitate the convenience of a faster communication process.However, from a perspective of language change multimo dal forms of communication, such as emails, text messages and chat rooms, are essentially new forms of communication. As used here the term multimodal refers to the way that texts use devices from a range of different communication systems at the same time. So, for example, you can send an email message to six of your friends simultaneously previously you could scarce do this through speaking to them as a group. In other words writing takes on a characteristic which once belonged to speech only (Beard, 2004, p. 44).Emails are usually message exchanges between a pair of named individuals communicating on a single issue, chat-groups usually involve several people they can be anonymous or use a pseudonym their communication can be of an suspicious length and they can cover a wide range of topics. Crystal (2001) uses the term asynchronous to describe groups where postings are placed on boards and synchronous to describe groups who chat in real time. The terms email and text message bo th suggest a written form, but the terms chat-room/ chat-group suggest a form of talk a form of talk chat that is traditionally seen as social rather than serious in its content.Although the terminology that labels new communication genres draws upon the traditional binary opposites of speaking/writing (mail/ chat), it is not very helpful to see such texts as products of these opposites. Instead each of the genres has its own unique methods of communication, and then each of the texts produced within the genre has its own particularized context. So, for example, the idea of turn-taking, which is crucial to many kinds of vocalized talk, is achieved in very different ways in chat-groups.The acts of reading, thinking, replying and sending the reply, which is not necessarily received instantly, is being undertaken by each of the participants at the same time. This inevitably leads to a gap of the exchange in a way that does not happen with emails and text messages. Yet, participants within the process are well able to manage this complicated exercise in pragmatics.Another aspect of pragmatics involves the fact that whereas in face-to-face group conversation your presence is still registered, even if you are silent, this is more problematic in chat-groups. As Crystal (2001) notes in chatgroups silence is ambiguous it may reflect a deliberate withholding, a temporary inattention, or a physical absence (without signing off).Indeed, technology is crucial in the knowledge of the information highway that would link every home to a fiber-optic network over which voice, data, television, and other services would be transmitted. The net profits architecture is determined by an informal group of U.S.-based bundle and computer engineers. The internets global scope and electronic commerces growth make its management an international policy issue. Analysts and government believe a hands-off approach is best (Cukier 1998, p. 39-41). community and organizations determine the course of the future, not computers. As a form of communication, the internet can be used by individuals, private corporations, and government agencies for good or bad, but it cannot influence the direction our society chooses to take. The internet only reflects the society that created it. The development and use of the telegraph and telephone provide a definitive contour for how the newest form of networked communication, the internet, will be used in the future (Nye, Fall 1997).The neediness of account king and civility have increased as the anonymity in U.S. society has increased, states newspaper columnist Ellen Goodman. She cites the anonymous zones of talk radio and cyberspace among the fox holes for people who want to say anything and everything with impunity (Goodman, 5 September 1996).Despite the downside of the information highway, internet access has made communication between local government and citizens much easier nationwide. Public records access, force posti ngs, permit applications, and legislative updates are available online in dozens of cities and counties (Bowser January 1998, p. 36).The technology of the internet may pass the masses access to much more information and many more options. So, internet technology is incomplete evil nor good. Thanks to the internet and beam TV, the world is being wired together technologically, but not socially, politically, or culturally, concluded New York Times columnist Thomas L. Friedman (12 May 2001). We are now comprehend and hearing one another faster and better, but with no corresponding improvement in our ability to learn from, or understand, one another. So integration, at this stage, is producing more anger than anything else.The new modes of communication set up people faster than any previous technology the world has known. However, the internet can just as easily infiltrate the minds of millions with lies, half-truths, and hatreds. Friedman (12 May 2001) deemed that the internet, a t its ugliest, is just an open sewer an electronic conduit for untreated, unfiltered information. The internet and satellite TV may inflame emotions and cultural biases, resulting in less understanding and tolerance. Government programs are strengthened on political consensus. Legislation is enacted for the long term. Compromises are based on education, exchanges, diplomacy, and human interaction.However, due to the lack of face-to-face context and the lack of interactional coherence in e-mail and SMS, people need to be more explicit and concise in order to make their message as well as the purpose transparent to their audience, especially in initiated, not responsive, messages. If the message is not explicit enough, the receiver may not be able to provide an optimal response, or the message may turn into a lengthy sequenced exchange before a desired response is obtained.Thus, language use and structure are greatly affected but the intention remains the same. With the fear of the d eterioration of language through these new technologies, it is only right that people should still be educated appropriately with regards to the correct structure and use language, so that they will not be confused when they utilize the normal modes of communication. Technology should enhance how society behaves and interact and not the other way around.Works CitedBeard, Adrian. Language Change. London Routledge, 2004.Bowser, Brandi. Opening the Window to Online majority rule www.localgovernment. com, American City & County 113.1 (January 1998) 3638.Collot, M. and N. Belmore . Electronic Language A New Variety of English. In S. C. herring (Ed.), Computer-Mediated Communication Linguistic, Social and Cross-Cultural Perspectives (pp. 13-28). Amsterdam John Benjamins, 1996.Crystal, David. Language and the Internet. Cambridge Cambridge Univ. Press, 2001.Cukier, Kenneth. Who Runs the Internet? World Press Review, 45.5 (May 1998) 3941.Dimaggio, Paul, Eszter Hargittai, W. Russell Neuman, a nd John P. Robinson. Social Implications of the Internet. Annual Review of Sociology (2001) 307.Friedman, Thomas L. Global Village Idiocy, The New York Times, (May 12, 2002).Goodman, Ellen. Anonymity Breeds Incivility, capital of Massachusetts Globe, (September 5, 1996)17A.Gortner, Harold F., Julianne Mahler, and Jeanne Bell Nicholson, Organization Theory A Public Perspective, 2nd ed. (Fort Worth, Tex. Harcourt Brace, 1997), pp. 135141.Halliday, M. A. K. Spoken and Written Language. Oxford, UK Oxford University Press, 1990.Kiran, Jyothi. SMS Divorces, Womens Feature Service. (June 2, 2003).Nie, Norman H. and Erbring, Lutz. Internet Use Decreases Social Interaction. The Internet. Ed. James D. Torr. San Diego Greenhaven Press, 2005.Nye, David E. Shaping Communication Networks Telegraph, Telephone, Computer, Social Research, 64.3 (Fall 1997) 10671092.