Brain Surgery Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Brain Surgery - Personal Statement Example It was such a beautiful evening full of happiness with birds chirping in the trees. It was almost the end of my children's summer holidays when I decided to take them to the carnival and fulfill all their wishes of the day. Usually, I would stop them from eating too much of candy; but I announced that day to be theirs and let them do whatever they liked. I had recently lost my job. Providing for my family became very difficult; my children's school fee and books along with my wife's daily necessities became almost impossible. I had no immediate family to ask for help. However, my wife's unconditional love and support helped me to stay composed and not bring a halt to my search for a new job. Unaware of the dark future, I had promised my kids a holiday to Disneyland right before I had lost my job. Finally, when the time to fulfill the promise had arrived, there was a severe shortage of funds. Breaking the news of the cancellation of the holiday to my kids was such a heart shattering task that I could not stop the tears from rolling down my cheeks. The disappointment on their innocent faces, tears in their sparkling eyes and the knowledge of the fact that the cause for all this was my own irresponsibility was enough for a nervous breakdown. A month had passed without any news from any company that I had applied to for a job. My stress level was rapidly increasing and I was having almost continuous headaches. The headaches were so excruciatingly painful that I would lose total control over myself. My anger management had become awful and I would yell at my wife and kids for the slightest reasons. In order to make up for the holiday and all my yelling, I had decided to bring them to this carnival for a change in mood and atmosphere. But to the greatest disappointment, the day that I had wanted to become the best day of their lives turned out to be the worst. When the world has gone black that day at the carnival, it was customized - just for me. It was not the world that has blacked out, it was me. I had blacked out and fallen on the ground with my family glued to the ground in shock and trepidation. I was not aware of my surrounding as I lay unconscious on the ground; I was narrated the entire incident by my wife who kept sobbing throughout. I was taken to the ER of the nearby hospital called Happy Holy Hospital. The doctors had taken a good half an hour to examine me but could not diagnose the problem. They had to admit me in the hospital and run many tests and x-rays. It took two days for them to study the reports and reach a conclusion. All this time, I was unconscious and my family had become desperate for answers. Eventually, the doctors told my wife that I had a neurological disease called the sub-arachnoid hemorrhage. They suggested to my wife that it was best for me to have the surgery called 'Burr Hole Craniotomy' done as soon as possible as I was not gaining consciousness and that could lead to death. According to reports, 60 percent of such patients die within 30 days, while 10 percent die immediately without warning (Jallo, 2007). My wife was worried about the cost as neurosurgeries are very expensive and only half of them are successful. It was also dangerous because we could not

Employment Relations Essay Example for Free

Employment Relations Essay The dynamic nature of the business environment and the increasing global competition has prompted business owners as well as other stakeholders to pay more attention to the area of employment relations. This can be attributed to the increased level of awareness regarding the relationship between employment relations and productivity . Management teams in most organizations have taken a keen interest in employment relations now more than ever before. Today, human resource practitioners and departments in organizations have rapidly transformed into most vibrant people and departments due to their increasingly important roles. This paper analyses the role played by the management in regard to the formation and structure of employment relations in the context of the retail industry in Australia. Employment relations (ER) refer to the different systems and techniques utilized in managing people. Employment relations are a broad and all encompassing term that also covers human resource management and industrial relations (Guite, T. 1999). Human resource management revolves the directing and controlling of the work force in a particular organization to forge unity so that there can be harmonious relationship between the management and workers for maximum productivity (Nilson, C. 2003. ). Industrial relation has to do with the resolution with work related disputes between the employees and their organizations and the management (Guite, T. 1999). There have been significant reforms in Australia in the last decade in regard to industrial disputation. This has seen the reduction of inconsistencies in the area of dispute and conflict management. ER as a professional field includes the laid down rules and regulations, attitudes, cultures, policies and behavior surrounding the employment relationship (Cranny, C et al, 1992). It involves the participation of key players such as employees with their formal and informal organizations, employers with their associations and the government and its relevant institutions in regard to their employment concerns. Employment relationship refers to the contract between two parties one being the employee and the other the employer. The employee is the person in servitude to the other under contractual terms, which may be written or oral (Walter, J. 2006). In this relationship the employer has an upper hand in the decision-making and conceptually is the one who gives the direction, which is to be followed. Concept This leadership role is key to any organization and may be held by an individual (in cases of small and micro businesses) or a management team in cases of medium or large organizations. The management has the role of controlling and directing people towards achieving corporate objective. Team work is involved where one person is not able to produce what is actually needed in the company. Potential human resources, financial resources and natural resources are all deployed and manipulated through the management (Mullins, L. 2005. ). Management as a function in the organization involves the act of getting things done through people in the most efficient way on a regular basis. The management is also charged with the responsibility of initializing plans and action that ought to be taken by the organization in order to reach the corporate objective. The management therefore is involved in the planning, organizing, motivating, controlling, coordinating the resources in an organization in order to achieve the maximum possible productivity levels. There are different arms under which the management falls including human resource management, operations management, production management, strategic management, financial management and information technology management (Walter, J. 2006). In this section, we are interested in the human resource management where it is noted that the role of this arm of management has been changing and becoming increasingly important in organizations today. The human resource department in any organization has the role of understanding and developing the human capital as well as engaged in dissemination of good organizational culture among the workforce (Cranny, C et al, 1992). The key role of management in employment relations is defined as communication. Various aspects of employees’ relationship with the management are handled according to the laid down rules, policies, and practices of the organization. In the modern workplace the employees are encouraged to air their views and grievances through this important arm of the management. This has the impact of reducing organizational conflicts and thus saving organizations both money and time that would otherwise have been used in the follow-ups of litigation cases. Other specific areas of interest between management and employees include payments of wages, bonuses and salaries, workplace conflict resolution, work timetable, health and safety, productivity targets and general grievances that employees may have . It cannot therefore be said that the management plays a passive role in employment relations rather in this day and age; the management plays an all important role that has the effect of unifying all the resources of the organization especially the human resource in order to maximize productivity. The management ensures that all the employees are working together in harmony towards the cooperate goal. In addition to this, the management has to engage in dialogue with the relevant government institutions in order to ensure that all regulations pertaining to employment relations are adhered to. It can therefore be said that the management has a most central role in holding together the different stake holders in employment relations. That task requires different skills and knowledge of management and leadership methods. Retail industry in Australia The retail industry in Australia is by far the biggest employer employing about 12% of the working population. The retail markets consist of sellers of goods directly to consumers and other final users. This industry is also characterized by the highest number of untrained workers. The working conditions are most varied and working hours are not regulated but are determined by the individual retailers. Important changes to the retail work relations systems have been introduced in the work relations act of 1996 (Pocock, Barbara Masterman-Smith, Helen. 2005). One of the responsibilities for determining all matters touching on the employer/employee relationship is on the hands of these two key stakeholders at the work place. According to the new rules, and agreements employers and employees are encouraged to resolve their matters without relying on external mediators. However, the key areas such as minimum wages and working conditions standards have been established by the Australian fair pay commission as well as the parliamentary decree(Catanzariti, J. Baragwanath, M. 1997 ). There has been a major reform in employee relations in the retail industry in Australia. There have been conscious measures to regulate the work place environment in this industry with different variations sort in recognition to the changes made to the shop trading hours act of 1997. Some of these variations include the expansion and scope of working hours, the minimum wage upgrades (Creighton, B. Stewart, A. 994). There has also been a need for direction on the number of hours that employees should be given for leave. Additionally, when working at odd hours different pay terms have been negotiated. This includes working on Sundays and working at night. In order to ensure that employees are not overworked, it has been suggested that there be introduced a system of working shifts. The federal government in Australia is mandated by the constitution to make laws that regulate matters concerning conciliation and dispute resolution in order to prevent industrial dispute that would extent beyond anyone state (Teicher, J. Lambert, R. O’Rourke, A. 2006. ). Workers in the retail industry in Australia have enjoyed higher standards of living due to significant legislative reforms regarding the work place relation. These reforms have also served to increase productivity due to the lower rates of industrial disputation. However, more reforms are needed to increase the flexibility and options for both employees and employers. These interventions measures by the government are aimed at spurring economic growth as well improve global competitiveness. The retail industry is a good place to begin owing that it is the major employer in Australia. Today, there has been less dependence on awards by industrial tribunals that were used to negotiate and determine the environment as well as compensation and benefits for employees within the traditional work place relations systems. The management, has been empowered further by these new reforms since all matters and disputes that regard work place relations are first to be dealt with between the employees and employers before any further form of remedial action can be taken. The work place relations act of 1996 has ensured that the alias award system by industrial tribunals has a minimum role of determining minimum wages instead of its initial role of determination and prescription of employees’ wages, and conditions allowed by their employers. Decentralized agreement mean that negotiations are done between employers and employees or between employers and employees organizations (unions) and thirdly, between the management and government institutions. Employees have the option of requesting for a bargaining agent. The retail workers are also vulnerable to different forms of injustices. The comprehensive reforms in work place relations follow the introduction of work choices legislation in 2005 (Catanzariti, J. Baragwanath, M. 1997). Some of the changes touch on work place health and safety application, new dismissal provision, and new transmission of laid down regulations, buying and selling of businesses, union restriction and the scrapping of no disadvantage test among other changes (Creighton, B. Stewart, A. 1994). All these reforms have the effect of giving more responsibility to the management in this matter of employment relations than ever before. Employer obligations are made known to all in the varied business situations. The reforms have also resulted in employees enjoying more freedom and job securities because employers are required to take great care when effecting a dismissal since employees can now claim compensation against unlawful dismissal or discrimination. These laws are applied widely to even small businesses with less than hundred employees. These small businesses are mostly consisting of retail businesses. The importance of management in employment relation cannot be over emphasized. This is highlighted by the fact that the management as a key stake holder is charged with the responsibility of coordinating all the relations between labor unions and labor laws. This is done with the sole aim of improving the quality of produce as well as achievement of organizational goals. It has to be noted here that the management is responsible to the business owners and stakeholders if there is a slackening in productivity or if profitability decreases. Therefore, the management is under pressure to ensure that there is a conducive working environment as well as quality working life for its employees in order to make it possible for success to be achieved. In the retail industry, the management of these businesses is subjected to the obligation of comprehending the laid down guidelines regarding employment relations. Conclusion. It is evident from these discussions that the management is at the centre of all matters relating to employment relations. The management roles as key stakeholder in organizational structure ensures that the management has not only understand the broader concepts of employers obligations to the employees but also forge a working relationship with the labor unions while ensuring that all the legal regulations are adhered to. Since the last decade several reforms in the area of employment relations have been undertaken and they have served to empower the management and to increase its responsibilities towards its employees and towards ensuring that laws are followed to the letter. These increased responsibilities have helped to streamline the work place environment especially in the retail industry which had been earlier characterized by inconsistencies and to great extent injustices towards employees. The management is now required to be extra vigilant to ensure that employment relations systems in a particular organization are such that they serve to improve productivity and to ensure that the company utilizes all their human resources for the achievement of corporate objective.

The Benefits of Extracurricular Activities for Students Essays -- Educ

It is important for adolescents to participate in extracurricular activities. Student who participate in these activities improve their academic scores and social life. Extracurricular activities can also help reduce many peer pressure related problems. â€Å"They enrich the lives of the students, their families and our communities. These activities create well rounded children who learn what their interests and talents are because they have been exposed to such opportunities† (Extracurricular Activities, Blogadmin). For most adolescents extracurricular activities should be required among what they do outside of school. What are extracurricular activities? Extracurricular activities are those sponsored by and usually held at school but are not part of the academic curriculum. There are usually many extracurricular activities available including team sports, such as soccer, baseball, basketball, and volleyball, and academic interests such as foreign language club, debate team, chess club, student government, student publications, 4-H Club, environmental clubs, choir, band, photography, politics, and business (Wells). There are activities for everybody so encourage adolescents to go try something, and they might turn up liking it. To get involved in these activities schools usually have a list of multiple activities that a student can be in (Dowshen). There might be a certain age that is required to be in activity, but there are endless amounts of things that adolescents can do (Dowshen). Money is one of the other big problems most kids think of when they want to go into an extracurricular activity. Most of the money that will need for the activity can be cut down by fundraising. If the money can’t be made by fundraising, sch... ...involved_school.html>. Hollrah, Rachel. â€Å"Extracurricular Activities.† 20 October 2014. . Levack, Nicholas A. â€Å"Can extracurricular activities help your child resist peer pressure?† Helium. 25 October 2014. . Needlman, Robert M.D. â€Å"Extracurricular Activities.† 26 August 2004. 25 October 2014. . Smith, Allison. â€Å"Extracurricular Activities.† University of Michigan. 25 October 2014. . Wells, Ken R. â€Å"Extracurricular activity.† Answers.com. 27 November 2004. Answer Corporation. 07 November 2014..

Finding Enlightenment (and we wernt really looking for it) :: Essays Papers

Finding Enlightenment (and we wern't really looking for it) I knew it was coming. I just didn’t know what it would look like, how close we would be, or if it would trap us like the siege of St. Petersburg. It is hard to explain why I didn’t ask these kinds of questions before the twenty-three miles we’d gone that day, but it is easy to see why I couldn’t picture such things. Being in new places and seeing new things everyday and you just end up succumbing and rolling with the punches. The magnitude of what we were in for could not be documented on a chart or a map, which was the extent of our resources. For whatever incredible inventions humans have created, numerically speaking, the earth in all its vastness and beauty easily outnumbers human technology. There are trillions of enormous and miniscule creatures, spectacular mountain ranges that reach so high they touch the limit of mortal tolerance. There are evolved and intricately worked canyons and caves, wide fields and forests that never seem like they change but in all actuality have never stopped moving or changing since the beginning of time. We as humans look mighty ignorant to believe that we are the most special things ever to enter this world, especially when we are more destructive to our symbiosis with the natural world than preservers of our relationship with it. But on this particular day when I was confronted with something I’d never seen before, not even on television or in a text book , there it was so enormous that from 2 miles away I felt like I could reach out and touch it. Realistically, had I been close enough to scrape my frail human skin across its front side there is no doubt in my mind that I would not be around to tell the story today. That morning started so early, I felt as though the night before never came. During the summer in Alaska, the sun never sets and thus the day never ends, and if the day never ends then the next day never actually begins. I constantly tangled with this very confusing theory and lasted long into the night writing in my journal, fishing while my two-week permit lasted, or basking in the beauty that was and is Alaska. It was Day 20 of my 30-day excursion to Prince William Sound in Southern Alaska.

Poems from E.J. Pratt’s The Titanic Essay

  The Canadian poet E.J. Pratt’s lyrical documentation and divulgings on life aboard a ship and by the sea can easily be categorized and confined under the label of â€Å"maritime poetry,†Ã‚   but the sentiments evoked in his poems appear to consitute more than the said label, the following is an overview and interpretation of Pratt’s poems taken from The Titanic. Harland and Wolff Works, Belfast, May 31, 1911   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The poem begins, â€Å"The hammers silent and the derricks still, / And high tide in the harbour! Mind and will†¦Ã¢â‚¬  setting the tone of calmness at bay, which begins to shift as it progresses towards the middle and end. The first two lines is continued further by seemingly rudimentary coupling rhymes until the end of the poem. The content however, relates the instance of a ship – the Titanic – in its completion, and the celebration of its first launch. Pratt relates the beauty and grandeur of the ship without over embellishing, and sounding-off the luxuries it possesses which others allude to. And without the title implying that the poem is about the iconic unsinkable ship, one can easily mistake the ship being described in the poem as one of any commonplace ships in existence. The seeming inane and banal instance of a ship doing what it is supposed to do in the first place is transformed and elevated in E.J. Pratt’s poetry, when relating to the ship he writes, â€Å"Before another year was over, she, / Poised for the launching signal, had surpassed / The dreams of builder or navigator†¦ Glass crashed against the plates; a wine cascade, / Netting the sunlight in a shower of pearls, / Baptized the bow and gave the ship her name; A slight push of the rams as a switch set free.† Of course, Pratt isn’t just talking about any other ship, but the poem nevertheless romanticizes the idea of it, from construction, to its completion, to its launch, which were aptly articulated in the previously quoted lines, and further concluded by, â€Å"†¦for whatever fears stalked with her down the tallow of slips / Were smothered under by the harbour cheers, / By flags strung halyards of the ships.† March 3. 1912   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The second poem in the compilation retreats to the instance of the Titanic upon its creation, the first line cries out, â€Å"Completed! Waiting for her trial spin†¦Ã¢â‚¬  It then relates the myth which the ship is ascribed of being, massive and grand, and therefore, impenetrable and unsinkable. The said mythology is affirmed faithfully in the following lines, â€Å"An ocean lifeboat in herself†¦ No wave could sweep those upper decks – unthinkable! No storm could hurt that hull – the papers said so. The perfect ship at last – the first unsinkable.† The poem continues to elucidate on the marvelous piece of work the ship that Titanic is by enumerating on the qualities of its every part, from its upper decks, to its watertight compartments, bulhead doors and bouyancy. Despite the naivety and evident falseness of the said claims, Pratt is able to effectively deliver the sentiment and ideas of the people at the time, and the poem encapsulates the extent of this naà ¯ve ideology. The Iceberg   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The force of nature which challenges the pronounced invincibility of the Titanic is laid evident in the title and extent of this particular poem. It describes the ship’s initial encounter with the glacier, the details of which is reserved to the succeeding poem, and revolves instead on the massive structure which led the ship to its demise. The iceberg being described as, â€Å"†¦the brute and palaeolithic outline of a face fronted the transatlantic shipping route. A sloping spur that tapered to a claw / And lying twenty feet below†¦Ã¢â‚¬    Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It was especially entertaining how the crash of the ship with the glacier was attributed as the iceberg’s fault, or to fate perhaps, but at any rate, because nature took a different course, instead of the iceberg keeping to where it was, floated closer to the ship, as referred to in the following lines, â€Å"But with an impulse governed by the raw mechanics of its birth, it drifted where ambushed, fog-grey, it stumbled on its lair,† and the rest of the world knows what happens then. Southhampton, Wednesday, April 10, 1912   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The part of the poem which picks up after the instance of the iceberg, when the seemingly unsinkable and invincible ship engages the massive glacier, and all that is left to be articulated is â€Å"An omen struck the thousands to shore – A double accident!† The Titanic proved to be less than what it was mythically ascribed of being, and the extent of the poem goes into lyrical details over the tragedy that is the sinking of the Titanic. How it threw sailors and countless individuals to the mercy of the sea. But the chaos and destruction that is to be attributed to the instance of a ship clashing with an iceberg is subdued, or muted by describing not the havoc being wreaked on the ship, or the people aboard it, but the state of the rest of the world at that particular point in time, as the ship was sinking, as articulated in the latter part of the poem, in which the poet contemplates, â€Å"When water flowed from the inverted tips / Of a waning moon, of sun-hounds, of the shrieks / Of whirling shags around the mizzen peaks. / And was there not this morning’s augury / For the big one now heading for the sea?† It’s a valid inquiry, and a refreshing take on the apparent tragedy. Wednesday Evening   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Shifting towards a different context and setting, and describing a seeming sumptious feast consituted by â€Å"cauldrons of stock, purees and consommes, simmered with peppercorns and marjoram.† as well as crabs, clams, fricassees, lambs, veals, halibut, bechamel, truffles, and a myriad of food bound to whet anybody’s appetite, and which would bring people to believe that everything was fine, in the comfort and luxury afforded by the said array of food.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The said sentiment was aptly articulated as such, â€Å"The dinner gave the sense that all was well: That touch of ballast in the tanks; the feel of peace from ramparts unassailable, Which, added to her seven decks of steel, had constituted the Titanic less.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It culminates ironically, in the event of people partaking of the food, engaging in elitist nonsense, and forgetting the senseless tragedy that was Titanic, and resorting to issues of greater importance, as articulated in the last part of the poem, â€Å"The crowd poured through the sumptuous rooms and hall†¦ tapped at the tables of the Regency; Smirked at the caryatids on the walls; Talked Jacobean-wise†¦ Swallowed liqueurs and coffee as they sat under the Georgian carved mahogany, dictating wireless hieroglyphics that would on the opening of the board rooms rock the pillared dollars of a railroad stock.†

Whale Rider Characterization essays

Whale Rider Characterization essays In the movie Whale Rider, the characterization of Pai is an important component of both the movement of the story and an important insight into director Niki Caro's vision for the theme and meaning of the film. Pai's poised and gentle assurance gives the viewer with an understanding that she is truly the tribe's chosen leader, and this conflict against her grandfather's ultimately ill-fated belief that the leader cannot be a girl drives the movement of the story. Ultimately, Pai's characterization as visionary illustrates the director's view that culture must embrace truth above tradition, and her respect for her grandfather shows the director's Whale rider is told in the context of a Maori tribe in modern New Zealand. The movie tells the story of a young girl, Pai, and her grandfather Karo who must struggle with adapting a patriarchal Maori legend with the Pai's seeming affinity with sacred traditions. In Maori legend, the Father arrives on the humpback of a whale to give life to the tribe. A chosen son must arrive in the same way in order to revive live whenever the tribe is suffering. Pai shows all of the signs of the second coming, including leadership and affinity with the whales and martial arts. However, she is female, and her affinity must be suppressed, which serves Within Whale Rider, the characterization of Pai ultimately reveals a complex and spiritual force in the shape of a 12-year-old girl. Pai's father deserted her after the death of her twin brother and mother during childbirth, driven away by his father's intense expectation that he father a son to carry on the patriarchal line. Pai grows up under the wing of her stern but loving grandfather, Karo. From the beginning of the movie, Pai The viewer soon learns that she has many qualities that seem to ...

Diabates essays

Diabates essays With all the threats of harmful health, some diseases can be prevented with just a healthy lifestyle of eating correctly, exercising, and maintaining a stress-free mindset. But these techniques for a successful healthy body can only be minimally helpful in the world of diabetes. With diseases such as diabetes mellitus, that can passed on genetically, a person cant escape their chances of developing this disease. In the United States, about 16 million people suffer from diabetes mellitus, although only half the individuals have been diagnosed(Bellenir 94). Every year about 650,000 people are diagnosed; diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in the U.S. By definition, diabetes mellitus is a group of diseases characterized by high levels of blood glucose resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both(Microsoft 1). The pancreas produces little or no insulin, a hormone that aids in glucose absorption. Glucose is also known as sugar and is an energy source for the body. This condition may also develop if muscle and fat cells respond poorly to insulin. In people with diabetes, glucose levels build up in the blood and urine, causing excessive urination, thirst, hunger and problems with fat and protein metabolism. Diabetes is most common among adults over the age of 45, in people who are overweight or inactive, in individuals with a family history of diabetes, and in minority populations including African Americans and Native Americans (who have the highest rate of diabetes). Also, more women than men are diagnosed Diabetes is classified into two types. Type 1 or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), is also known as juvenile onset diabetes. With this type, the body produces little or no insulin. Symptoms appear suddenly in individuals under the age of 20. Most cases occur around the onset of puberty, usually ages 8 to 12. In the U.S., about five to ten percent of al ...

SAT Subject Test Scores for the Ivy League

SAT Subject Test Scores for the Ivy League SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are your sights set on the Ivy League or other top universities? As you're well aware, these schools are the most selective in the country. Because of this, you want to carefully craft every aspect of your application so it's as strong as it can possibly be. Let's look at one important part of your application: your SAT Subject Test scores. In this article, we'll go over the Subject Test requirements and expectations of top schools, and offer some advice on how to balance these tests with everything else you've got going on in your busy life. SAT Subject Test Requirements at Top Schools Let's take a look at the eight Ivy League schools- Brown, Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth, Harvard, Princeton, UPenn, and Yale- along with some other top schools, such as Duke, Georgetown, MIT, Stanford, and the University of Chicago. All of these schools generally recommend or require two SAT Subject Tests, with the exception of Georgetown, which asks for three. Lately, though, there's been an increase in schools, including top-ranked ones, making SAT Subject Tests completely optional. For example, although Harvard recommends Subject Tests, they are technically optional for applicants: "While we recommend that you submit two SAT Subject Tests, you may apply without them if the cost of the tests represents a financial hardship or if you prefer to have your application considered without them." Stanford similarly recommends, but does not require, SAT Subject Test scores. Even though you can opt out, both Harvard and Stanford strongly recommend taking Subject Tests and sending in your scores. If these tests present a financial barrier to you, definitely speak with admissions officers and get their advice. You can also explore your options for fee waivers. The only schools on this list that do not emphasize SAT Subject Tests are the University of Chicago and Columbia. The University of Chicago's policy on Subject Tests is as follows: "[S]ubject Tests are truly optional, and not sending us Subject Test scores will not hurt your application." Columbia used to require Subject Tests but made them optional beginning in 2016. So what are the Subject Test requirements and special instructions for other top schools? Below is a handy chart you can use to find out top schools' policies regarding SAT Subject Tests. Note: The column "ACT Replace Subject Tests?" means that this school accepts the ACT + Writing in lieu of the SAT + two Subject Tests. In other words, you can submit the ACT + Writing and not have to worry about taking any SAT Subject Tests. If this space has a dash in it, you'll need to send in the number of Subject Tests required, regardless of whether you take the SAT or ACT. School # of Subject Tests Recommended/Required ACT Replace Subject Tests? Notes From School Brown 2 recommended - "If you are applying to the Program in Liberal Medical Education, we strongly recommend one subject test in either Biology, Chemistry or Physics." Columbia None - "SAT Subject Test and other proficiency exam scores are not required by Columbia, but we will accept your results if you choose to submit them ... You will not be at a disadvantage should you choose not to take these optional tests or submit the scores to Columbia." Cornell Varies by program - Applicants must submit either 0 or 2 Subject Tests, depending on the college. Dartmouth 2 recommended - "We recommend that you submit 2 SAT Subject Test scores to help us better understand your academic strengths...We encourage you take tests in the two subjects you like the most." Duke 2 recommended Yes "Applicants to the Pratt School of Engineering who take the SAT are strongly recommended to take one SAT Subject Test in Mathematics (level 1 or level 2). Applicants to the Trinity College of Arts Sciences who take the SAT may take any two SAT Subject Tests." Georgetown 3 recommended - "In addition, it is strongly recommended that candidates submit results of three SAT Subject Tests. Those tests may be any three of the applicant’s choosing, although it is recommended that applicants to the Faculty of Languages and Linguistics submit a modern language score." Harvard 2 recommended - "While we recommend that you submit two SAT Subject Tests, you may apply without them if the cost of the tests represents a financial hardship or if you prefer to have your application considered without them. ... International students generally benefit from submitting Subject Tests and should take them if possible." MIT 2 required - All applicants must take one Subject Test in math (level 1 or 2) and one in science (biology e/m, chemistry, or physics). Princeton 2 recommended - Engineering candidates are advised to take a math (level 1 or 2) Subject Test and the chemistry or physics test. Stanford 2 recommended - "SAT Subject Tests are optional. Because SAT Subject Test scores can highlight your areas of strength, we welcome the self-reporting of these results in your application." University of Chicago None - "Subject Tests are truly optional, and not sending us Subject Test scores will not hurt your application." University of Pennsylvania 2 recommended - Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences: Any two Subject Tests Nursing: Science, preferably Chemistry STEM: Math Level 2 and a science test (preferably Physics for Engineering Applicants) Business: Math Level 2 Yale Recommended (no # specified) - "SAT Subject Tests are recommended but not required. Applicants who do not take SAT Subject Tests will not be disadvantaged in the application process. We will consider your application on the basis of the other testing, and all the other information, that we receive with your application." Until recently, most of these schools required three Subject Tests. Now, Georgetown is the last one with this rather high-stakes expectation. If you're taking the ACT instead of the SAT, you might not have to send Subject Test scores at all. This is the case at Duke, where you can submit your ACT with Writing score instead of your SAT and SAT Subject Test scores. But if you do have to send two or three Subject Test scores, which tests should you take? Disappointed with your scores? Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: Which SAT Subject Tests Should You Take? Most Ivy League schools don't have definitive requirements for which Subject Tests you should take; they simply recommend or require two, and allow you to choose which ones to take. However, some schools prefer to see a range of knowledge, in which case it's best to take Subject Tests that cover a variety of topics. For example, you could pair a humanities or social studies test (such as literature or history) with a math or science test (such as physics or chemistry). Many top-ranked schools are looking for well-rounded students who excel in a variety of subject areas. At the same time, the choice is largely up to you. The Subject Tests are a chance to demonstrate your subject mastery and express your interests and academic skills in a particular subject area. Therefore if you've indicated a major, then it's a smart idea to take (and score highly on) the corresponding Subject Test. Just as with the rest of your application, your choice of Subject Test can communicate something about your interests and future goals. It might also be an opportunity to strengthen an area in which you wish your course grade or AP exam score were higher. The language tests can be a valuable indicator of your language skills, which admissions officers appreciate in our increasingly globalized world. If you can present a strong language score, then you can showcase your multilingualism and maybe even advance to higher levels of language courses once you arrive at the school. However, some schools warn against taking an SAT Subject Test in your first language if it's not English. A score in another subject area would be more helpful as it more accurately indicates your academic potential. If you're applying to schools with an engineering or technical focus such as MIT and Caltech, you'll likely need to submit a combination of math and science Subject Tests. MIT says students must take one math test (level I or II) and one science test (biology, chemistry, or physics). Caltech also wants one math and one science test but will only accept Math Level II. For more considerations when choosing the best Subject Tests for you, check out our guide. Once you've decided on your SAT Subject Tests, though, what scores should you aim for? Want to get better grades and test scores? We can help. PrepScholar Tutors is the world's best tutoring service. We combine world-class expert tutors with our proprietary teaching techniques. Our students have gotten A's on thousands of classes, perfect 5's on AP tests, and ludicrously high SAT Subject Test scores. Whether you need help with science, math, English, social science, or more, we've got you covered. Get better grades today with PrepScholar Tutors. What's a Good SAT Subject Test Score for the Ivy League? Selective schools don't usually publicize cutoffs for test scores; instead, they insist that they take a holistic approach to applications and consider all parts within the context of the greater whole. However, as you know, there are many more qualified candidates than there are spaces at these schools. With this in mind, you want your application to be exceptional and stand out as especially strong and unique- which is why getting a high SAT Subject Test score is so important. But just how high should you be aiming? This mainly depends on the school you're applying to. For example, MIT has said that its admitted students score between 720 and 800 on science Subject Tests, whereas admitted applicants to Princeton generally score 710-790 on Subject Tests. Selective institutions expect to see scores in the 700s, usually in the upper half of the 700s. For a further breakdown of how scores translate to percentiles, read our article about good Subject Test scores. With this data, you can aim to be in 80th or 90th percentile of test takers in the tests you've chosen. If you're planning to major in math or science or are applying to schools like MIT, an 800 on your math and science Subject Tests would be really helpful, even expected, for your application. As you prep for the Subject Tests and the SAT or ACT, which one should take priority? We answer this question next. How Important Are Subject Tests Compared to the SAT/ACT? Here's the short answer: SAT Subject Tests are not nearly as important as the SAT/ACT is. From my understanding, the SAT/ACT accounts for as much as 30% of your application, while the Subject Tests only account for about 2% to 5%. Therefore the SAT/ACT should be your top priority when it comes to college admission tests. Luckily, the SAT Subject Tests should align with the work and studying you're already doing in your classes. It's usually better to take a Subject Test near the end of the school year since you'll have been studying that subject all year. It also helps if the Subject Test aligns with your studying for finals and/or AP exams. Although SAT Subject Tests aren't a super important part of your application, you still need to take them seriously if you want to gain admission to the Ivy League. To get into these highly selective institutions, every component of your application must be outstanding. Plus, since you have some choice in the matter, you're expected to choose the subjects in which you can demonstrate subject mastery. A low score would seem like an outlier and might raise doubts about your academic abilities and potential in that subject. While schools are becoming more and more flexible in their standardized testing policies, Subject Test scores can give a big boost to your application if you choose the right test(s) and excel in the relevant subjects in school. Do this, and these tests shouldn't require too much additional prep in order to achieve strong-enough scores for Ivy League schools. In closing, let's discuss a few strategies you can use to balance your SAT Subject Tests schedule during the college application process. How to Juggle SAT Subject Tests and College Applications If you're gearing up to apply to Ivy League schools, you likely lead an active and busy life. Whether it's homework, clubs, sports, or all the prep work for applying to college, you have a lot of activities to juggle. And adding Subject Tests on top of everything can make you feel like you're going to drop something. As long as you approach these tests with a thoughtful plan, you should be able to maintain balance and achieve your goals. Being able to independently manage your time, while still leaving time for breaks and fun, is an important skill you'll need in college. By designing a schedule for yourself in high school, you'll be able to further develop these useful life skills. First, read our article on when to take the SAT Subject Tests. You can get all three done in one day, but you don't have to do them all at once or wait until junior year to take them. A 9th grade biology class, for example, could adequately prepare you for the Biology Subject Test. Or you might feel ready to take the Math Level I test right after sophomore year. Even if you do decide to wait until junior year to take them, it's a good idea to align them with your finals and AP exams so that your studying can kill two birds with one stone. By planning when you will take and study for the Subject Tests (alongside your prep plan for the SAT), you can allocate time in advance to give you a more balanced schedule. You might be thinking, "Making the schedule is the easy part. The hard part is sticking to it." This is true- one day you might be motivated by your dream of an acceptance letter in a giant envelope arriving at your door, while the next day that letter might seem like an image from a future life, far removed from your present one. There are no easy shortcuts here- staying on task requires motivation. But even more importantly it requires discipline. It requires the ability to push through your resistance and all the things you might rather be doing at that moment, and commit yourself to studying. Remember that you have clearly outlined your goals and want to do everything you can to achieve them. The College Board has a useful breakdown of the Subject Tests and sample questions here. Check out our other resources for helpful study strategies, such as identifying your weaknesses and dividing each section into small, manageable goals. What's Next? What are the average scores for all SAT Subject Tests? Take a look at this data here, and learn why it's important to know this as you choose your Subject Tests. Are you aiming for perfection on the SAT? Read our expert guide on the key strategies and tips you need to score a perfect 1600. If you're taking the ACT, this article by a full scorer explains how you can achieve the elusive 36. Need a little extra help prepping for your Subject Tests? We have the industry's leading SAT Subject Test prep programs (for all non-language Subject Tests). Built by Harvard grads and SAT Subject Test full or 99th %ile scorers, the program learns your strengths and weaknesses through advanced statistics, then customizes your prep program to you so that you get the most effective prep possible. Learn more about our Subject Test products below:

English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 29

English - Essay Example Even as my father held the bicycle seat straight for me as I learned how to pedal fast in order to find my center of gravity, I could not help but meet a few mishaps along the road to what I perceived to be travel independence at that time. It was not uncommon for me to go out with my father for a lesson and practice run in my two wheeled bit and then return with a few scrapes on the knees and elbow areas. After all, learning to ride a bike entailed some lessons that were designed to help me learn how to be a safe and accident free bicycle rider. All of the experiences that I had during the time that I was learning how to ride my bicycle helped me to become a very safe and responsible cyclist when I finally got up enough courage and guts to begin riding my bike to school. I remember that my parents were quite apprehensive about letting me ride alone on the day that I announced I was ready to take my bicycle to school without any back up from my father. What if, my mother thought, I lost control of the bicycle on the side walk and I ended up rolling into the main road? Who would stop my bicycle from veering onto the wrong path? What if I suddenly lost control of the bicycle? Who would grab the bike seat in order to keep me steady on it? What if... what if... I told my mother not to worry. I would not have decided to finally take my bicycle to school if I did not feel like I could take on the challenges that beset a cyclist on the way to school. Years later, I would be facing my parents with yet another request for a far more independent mode of transportation. I was now old enough to apply for a student permit that would allow me to enroll in driving school and allow me to drive in most areas provided I did so with a licensed driver in the front seat. Needless to say, my parents, my mother in particular was even more petrified at the thought allowing me to have not only access to the family car, but

Global health issues(focus on AIDS) Literature review

Global health issues(focus on AIDS) - Literature review Example Mondal and Shitan (2013) present a different point of view, proposing that the factors contributing to the rapid spread of AIDS include higher adolescent fertility, which increases the risk of HIV. The factors limiting the spread of the disease include cultural restrictions like those of Muslims and the sufficiency of medical personnel. Coovadia and Hadingham (2005) and Milbank Memorial Fund (2004) point out that the search for solutions to the AIDS pandemic has included the formation of different international funds; the major target of these efforts has been poorer regions, but the mitigation measures seem not to reverse the rapid spread of AIDS. In particular, Milbank Memorial Fund (2004) discussed the efforts of the US towards combating the AIDS pandemic, where it pledged to given USD 15 billion, over the 5-year period that started in 2003. Mondal and Shitan (2013) and Alfsen (2004) point out that, the efforts of combating the crisis have included increasing the numbers of physicians in practice, as well as relying on religious restrictions. Alfsen (2004), Morrison (2001) and WHO (2011) in particular, stated that the national efforts aimed at addressing the problem include the introduction of antiretroviral therapy. In addition to the supply of antiretroviral medication and treatment, the World Health Organizat ion has partnered with national government in preventing the spread, through the initiation of behavior change programs; care delivery, strengthening healthcare systems and increasing the availability of HIV/AIDS information (WHO, 2014). CDC (2012) and Alfsen (2004) point out that, more advanced medical-related efforts of addressing the spread of AIDS have included the funding of research, with the aim of developing virucides and microbicides. The AIDS pandemic has been intensifying globally, despite that some regions are affected more. Lewis,

Refusal Memo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Refusal Memo - Essay Example The community service program volunteered by the employees has been running smoothly and has been displayed on the company’s website. Dawson & Engels are thus able to improve its image as a social citizen which puts the company is a better place in the competitive scenario. This has been achieved with the help of strategic policies of the company and considering the needs, culture, and sentiments of the society (Banerjee 89). The higher management of the company is politically conservative which is compatible with the views of the employees and the individual citizens in the community. The company also encouraged its employees to participate in the listed volunteer opportunities and without them the entire employee volunteer program would be a failure. The organization has due respect to the employees of the purchasing department as well and has considered your proposal of inclusion of CNV in the list of volunteer opportunities. However, D&E has decided not to engage into the activities of CNV as functional activities and strategies of CNV in resolving community conflicts, conducting peace camps and holding sessions in the schools are politically neutral. ... Looking at the amount of cost involved in engaging into the activities of CNV and the cost-benefit analysis, it would not be prudent to accept the proposal. The company encourages your involvement in the alternate areas available in the approved list of volunteer programs or is even ready to accept new proposals that are in line with the policies of the company (Crew 45). D&E also does not intend to affront its company executives in pursuing this social activity. The company expects that this would be accepted in good spirits and is looking for more proposals in future. Dawson and Energy would continue to recognize the employees for performing outstanding work in the employee volunteer program. In cases approved by the company, the employees would continue to be eligible for the paid volunteer hours for rendering the service to the community on behalf of Dawson and Energy. Memorandum Date: 9th October, 2013. To: The Instructor From: The Student Subject: Rationale for refusal to inclu sion of CNV in the list of community services. The community services are being undertaken by Dawson and Energy as an initiative to become a good citizen of the community. The community services are being rendered in the form of employee volunteer program that is planned in consonance with the marketing director. In order to do this, the company has prepared its list of volunteering activities in different areas. In these areas, the company has taken a strategy to provide grants to the organizations that they would support for providing the community service (Hawkins 42). The company respects the culture and sentiments of the society and carries

Family work Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Family work - Assignment Example At the website, details about the company policy and measures taken to succeed are included. Workplace policies together with human right and respect in the company are available in the website. The visitors can get access to all policies and company operations. The information found at the website communicates the Coca Cola philosophy adequately (The Coca-Cola Company 1). The company has polices which govern employee’s contact in the company. The formulated policies by the company consider work, private life and employee’s welfare. The policies are designed to ensure employees safety and certification as well as company progress. Employees are entitled to a leave of one month annually and a maternity leave of three months to pregnant mothers. The policies also require the company to grant off days for individuals with personal issues. The company policies do not limit hiring of spouses and a husband and wife can be hired in different company’s departments. The company complies with the States pension and retirement policies. It contributes to pension schemes for all employees to ensure that each person will be entitled to pension after retirement. The company also allows employee to save in Sacco in order to take loans for personal development and education. The company policies do not consider same sex partners and there are no benefits attached to such relationship. All those policies aim to ensure employees safety and productivity (The Coca-Cola Company 3). After reviewing the company’s policies, I have found out that Coca Cola is the right company for me to work. I will be willing to work for the company due to the policies which respect human rights and progress. The company allows personal development and growth. It does not limit people to work with their spouses meaning that I can work with my wife in the company in future. The company encourages people to advance in life, and I will be able to get education loan and advance in

Diplomacy in the international system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Diplomacy in the international system - Essay Example ubmitted at the outset that within the current framework, the globalisation of world politics and the complex nature of international relations in the contemporary environment has meant that increasingly the dynamic of international relations is intrinsically dependent on where the balance of political power lies within the international framework (Siracusa, 2010). As a result, the role of diplomats in contemporary international relations is very wide and can often take a multifaceted role depending on the priority of state objectives (Siracusa, 2010). Indeed, Randin comments that: â€Å"one aspect of the existing literature on co-operation in the international relations context is that most of it stems from a view of international relations that often fails to take into account security challenges other than those posed by states to states† (2006, p13). Accordingly, on this basis it is argued as a central proposition in this paper that the role of diplomats is fundamental not only as a method of facilitating co-operation between states; they also serve as important tools in implementing state objectives. In turn, the extent of diplomatic influence will be intrinsically dependent on where the balance of power lies within the international framework as evidenced by the post September 11 system of international relations (Baylis & Smith, 2005). As such, in reviewing the contemporary relevance and role of diplomats, this paper will review international relations theory and highlight the gap between theory and reality due to the multifaceted and wider roles falling within the ambit of diplomacy duties within the contemporary socio-political framework of international relations (Baylis & Smith, 2005). With regard to the theoretical models, a central theory in international relations is realism, which developed in the aftermath of the Second World War as reflected by the United Nations Charter, which focuses on mutuality of obligations in preventing a repeat of the

Family work Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Family work - Assignment Example At the website, details about the company policy and measures taken to succeed are included. Workplace policies together with human right and respect in the company are available in the website. The visitors can get access to all policies and company operations. The information found at the website communicates the Coca Cola philosophy adequately (The Coca-Cola Company 1). The company has polices which govern employee’s contact in the company. The formulated policies by the company consider work, private life and employee’s welfare. The policies are designed to ensure employees safety and certification as well as company progress. Employees are entitled to a leave of one month annually and a maternity leave of three months to pregnant mothers. The policies also require the company to grant off days for individuals with personal issues. The company policies do not limit hiring of spouses and a husband and wife can be hired in different company’s departments. The company complies with the States pension and retirement policies. It contributes to pension schemes for all employees to ensure that each person will be entitled to pension after retirement. The company also allows employee to save in Sacco in order to take loans for personal development and education. The company policies do not consider same sex partners and there are no benefits attached to such relationship. All those policies aim to ensure employees safety and productivity (The Coca-Cola Company 3). After reviewing the company’s policies, I have found out that Coca Cola is the right company for me to work. I will be willing to work for the company due to the policies which respect human rights and progress. The company allows personal development and growth. It does not limit people to work with their spouses meaning that I can work with my wife in the company in future. The company encourages people to advance in life, and I will be able to get education loan and advance in

Unit 7 Case Manegment Discussion Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Unit 7 Case Manegment Discussion - Research Paper Example The environment may not be supportive of that since he may find himself getting back to drugs again. He is therefore requesting case management to assist his friends who are still in the streets to get off drugs. He is asking his parents not worry about him anymore since he is now drug-free. He may not be sober but he can be able to take care of himself and he wishes his parents could understand that. He also wants people to change their attitude towards him. Most people think he can’t take care of himself because he is been a drug addict before .They also think he can’t take care of his dog. But the fact is, he is very responsible and takes good care of his dog, takes it for a walk in the park and ensures it has a lot of food. He also travels with him everywhere he goes. My client is in the maintenance and relapse prevention stage. This is the stage where a patient is trying to incorporate new behavior and avoiding any slips. My client having been a drug addict, he has changed his drug-life behavior and trying to start a new life. He is also doing his best in avoiding any slips despite the neighborhood being full of drugs and addicts. To help the client in the stage to move forward, I will recommend that he relocates to a drug-free neighborhood to avoid any event of falling back to drugs again. I also recommend that he be re-united with his family and let them and other people accept him and support him by seeing him as a transformed and responsible individual. He will also need constant counseling to help him through the whole process. One guiding principle of the Recovery Model that relates the interaction with the client is that Community involvement as defined by the user of service is central to the recovery process. This is directly related to my client since it’s the community group that helped him to get to where he is. Were it not of this community that is still donating household foodstuff,

Cedar Fair Essay Example for Free

Cedar Fair Essay ? Problem Statement –While Cedar Fair is steadily growing revenue to the 2013 estimated value of $1. 1B, their operating profit percentage has ranged from 50% to -17% over the past 5 years and relies heavily on season pass sales and visitors over a limited operating period of 130 days, leaving them vulnerable to competitive moves by the market leaders in the Amusement Park Industry. Analysis Plan / Data Used / Key Assumptions – We will use the Porter 5 forces Model for the Cedar Fair and to compare with the other amusement parks. The 5 forces will help us to understand the strong forces which will help the cedar fair to be more profitable in future. Key data will include from each of the amusement park websites. Also the revenue income provided by IBIS for each amusement park. The financial analysis particularly profit margin provided by mergent online will allow us to access financial performance for each company. Cedar Fair owns and operates 11 amusement parks, four outdoor parks, one indoor water park and five hotels. Cedar park lacks brand identification due to their diverse portfolio. The brand name of Cedar Fair is rarely associated with park or hotels. Data Analysis and Tool Use – Using the Porter’s 5 Forces model the strongest rivalry is from the Walt Disney, universal studios, Sea world and Six Flags. Since the Disney is global and has resorts and attractions for all age groups and also it is open all year along and generates income. Disney also keeps updating its theme parks wit new attractions and new technology to attract new customers or repeat too. Large resorts try to entice the customers to come to the parks instead to going to beaches by giving them special passes on internet. The mid-size theme parks attract the local customers who are close by and can drive and go back without spending the night at the hotels. Conclusions – The competition among the parks is intense, as the market is saturated and small. To increase the customers in cedar fair should give free pass on birthdays and also introduce packages which can be bought with the installment plan. Recommendation to Management – My recommendation would be that since the economy is improving and people have little bit of money to spend on vacations, so they should advertise special offers for the summer time on the internet and TV. They should try to attract more customers from the local region as they cannot compete with the big resort theme parks such as Disney, Universal Studios, and sea world. They should have access to multi-skilled and flexible workforce those who have the ability to quickly adopt new technology. US Amusement Parks Market Share US Parks Total Revenue 2012. Total Income 2012 Percentage Market Share (%) Walt Disney Company $6. 2 billion 5,986M 44. 5% Universal Park and Resorts $2. 1 Billion 95M 15% Sea World Parks Entertainment $1. 4 Billion 55M 11% Cedar Fair $1. 1 Billion 118M 7. 7% Six Flags $1. 06 Billion 249M 7. 9% (IBIS World, 2013) Below is the 5 Forces Model. References: 1) Wood, L. (2013, February 11). Research and markets: 2013 report on the $16 billion us amusement parks arcades market featuring Walt Disney, six flags, cedar fair, SeaWorld, and universal parks resorts. Retrieved from http://www. businesswire.com/news/home/20130211005621/en/Research-Markets-2013-Report-16-Billion-Amusement 2) IBIS World. (2013). Us industry reports. 3) Theme Parks Are on a Roll by Christopher Palmeri in the June 3-9, 2013 issue of Bloomberg Busine ssweek http://www. businessweek. com/articles/2013-05-30/u-dot-s-dot-theme-park-revenue-is-on-its-best-ride-in-years 4) IAAPA. (2013). Amusement park and attractions industry statistics. Retrieved from http://www. iaapa. org/resources/by-park-type/amusement-parks-and-attractions/industry-statistics 5) Six Flags; https://www. google. com/finance? q=NYSE%3ASIXei=w_GHUuD9H4OTsgffMA.

Band Overview Of Linkin Park Music Essay

Band Overview Of Linkin Park Music Essay Linkin Park has been among the worlds most famous rock bands. They have been known for their uniqueness with the type of music they are playing. They eventually became very famous with the release of their debut album titled Hybrid Theory in year 2000 which sold out 4.8 million copies that made it achieve platinum for ten times. They were named as the Best Hard Rock or Metal Band of the year. The Members Chester Bennington He is the vocalist and the song writer of the band. He was born and grew up in Phoenix, Arizona. He is short and lanky and he usually wears black horn rimmed glasses. And he changes his hair color and style frequently. He really has high range of voice thats why he can produce high pitched sounds which is very noticeable on him. Most of the songs of the band were trademarked with his screams. (Biography Base) Rob Bourdon He is the drummer and the youngest member of the band. He was born an grew up in Calabasas, California. His mother was friends with Joey Kramer who was the drummer of the band Aerosmith. So he started playing drums after he had watched an Aerosmith concert. He had his first band around the age of nine. (L.P. Association) Brad Delson He is the lead guitarist and was known to be one of the founding members of the band. He was born in Agoura, California. He was actually a Jewish. He usually wears large earphones on stage. The first instrument he learned to play was the trumpet. During his college days, he named himself as Big Bad Brad. (Biography Base) David Phoenix Farrell He commonly called Phoenix and he is the bassist of the band. He was born in Plymouth, Massachusetts. He knows how to play electric guitar, bass guitar, violin and cello. His first band was Tasty Snax which is a Christian punk band. Joseph Mr. Hahn He was commonly known as Mr. Hahn. He was a turntablist and director best known as the DJ and sampler of the band. He was considered ad the most creative member of the band. He was born in Dallas, Texas. He was the first Korean to receive a Grammy Award when Linkin Park won the Best Hard Rock Performance Award in 2002. He directed some of the videos of their band like Numb, From the Inside, Somewhere I Belong and many more. (L.P. Association) Mike Shinoda He was the rhythm guitarist, keyboardist, vocalist songwriter, rapper of the band. He was born in Agoura, California. He started writing songs in his 9th grade. He was the one who designed the album for the Hybrid Theory cover. (IMDB) History First Years Linkin Park was originally composed of three members, Mike Shinoda, Brad Delson and Rob Bourdon. They met during their high schools in Agoura High School. They were considered as the foundation of the band. After they finished their high school degree, they focused their selves in their music career. They started recruiting new members and they were Joe Hahn, Dave Farrell more commonly known as Phoenix and Mark Wakefield. They named their band Xero. The first recording they made was in 1996. Though they lack funds in order to afford recording and producing singles, they still continue working things out in Shinodas make-shift recording studio. Unfortunately, the first recording they produced made no deal. This brought them frustration and much discouragement to pursue their music career. Due to this unfortunate event, their current vocalist that time, Wakefield, left the band to search for other projects. After sometime, Farrell also left the band in order to play with Tasty Snax and rock bands. After some considerable time searching for an alternative to Wakefield, the band recruited Chester Bennington from Arizona as their new vocalist. Bennington was referred in March 1999 by Jeff Blue, the VP of Zomba Music. He was a former member of Grey Daze. He was accepted in the band because of his unique style in singing. The band name Xero was changed into Hybrid Theory. The band experienced great revival since the superb chemistry between Bennington and Shinoda began. Because of this revival, they were inspired to make a new album. The bands renaissance led to the change of bands name, from Hybrid Theory, they changed it to Linkin Park. The name came from the play and homage to Santa Monicas Lincoln Park. Despite of these changes, the band still struggled to make a deal with their recordings. They experienced rejection from different recording companies. They asked help from Jeff Blue, now the VP of Warner Bros. Blue help the band to sign a deal with the company. Finally, in year 1999 they successfully made a deal with the company and the following year they were able to produce their first album entitled Hybrid Theory. Their Breakthrough In October 2004, they released their first album, Hybrid Theory. The album consists of songs composed and worked on by the band for almost five years. Don Gilmore, a music producer, did the editing and polishing of the album. The album did catch the peoples ears. They sold more than 4.8 million copies of their album during its debut year. Their singles Crawling and One Step became top songs in alternative musics playlists during that year. Their songs were even featured in some movies. Some of the movies were Valentine, Little Nicky and Dracula. Their album was amazingly nominated for three Grammy Awards. They were nominated for Best New Artist, Best Hard Rock Performance and Best Rock Video. Their single In the End was rewarded by MTV as Best Rock Video and Best Direction. Because of these great achievements, the band indeed reached its peak of success and they became well-known in the music industry. They started receiving offers for performing in tours and concerts. Some of these were KROQ Almost Acoustic Christmas and Ozzfest and Family Values Tour. They had their first own tour called Projekt Revolution. Some of their features artists were Snoop Dog, Cypress Hill and Adema. In one year, the band were able to perform in 320 concerts. All their concerts and performances were documented in their first DVD, Frat Party at the Pancake Festival, which was released in November 2001. When the bassist of the band, Dave Farrell rejoined the band, they made remix album entitled Reanimation which includes singles from Hybrid Theory and Hybrid Theory EP. The new remix album was released in July 30, 2002 which features other artists like Aaron Lewis, Jonathan Davis and Black Thought. The album sold almost 270,000 copies during its debut year and it made second place in the Billboard 200. Release of Meteora After the great success of their two albums, Hybrid Theory and Reanimation, Linkin Park paid much time on conducting concerts all over United States. Though their schedules were too tight because of their tours, they still made effort to produce another album. In December 2002, they told the public about their upcoming album which was inspired by a historic monastery in Greece, Meteora. In this album, they included revivals of their previous nu-metals and rapcore styles. They used a Japanese flute bamboo called Shakuhachi and other new music technologies. Meteora was finally released in March 25, 2003. The album sold more than 800,000 copies during its first week of release. It became the top selling album in Billboard hit charts. Their singles Numb and Somewhere I belong had magnificent music videos. By October 2003, the album sold more than 3 million copies. Because of their albums success, they made another Projekt Revolution which featured other artists like Blindside and Xzibit. They were also invited by the famous heavy metal group, Metallica, to play at the Summer Santinarium Tour 2003. Linkin Park released an album entitled Live in Texas which includes some of their performances during the Tour 2003. Their single from Meteora, Somewhere I Belong won the Best Rock Video in MTV awards and the single Breaking the Habit won the Viewers Choice Award. In year 2004, the band won as Artist of the Year and Numb as Song of the year in Radio Music Awards. Meteora was the third best-selling album in America during 2003. The bands other side Linkin Park focused on conducting tours and sideline projects instead of producing a new album. Bennington participated in DJ Lethals State of the Art while Shinoda worked with Dà ©pà ªche Mode. In year 2004, they started working with a remix album with Jay-Z entitled Collision Course. The album was released in 2004 which includes mixtures of lyrics of both artists tracks. Shinoda forms a new band named Fort Minor as his sideline. Because of some financial issues with their recording company Warner Bros., their relationship with the company started to decline. Fortunately, in year 2006, after persuading the recording company, they made another album deal. Linkin Park also participated in some charity events like the fund raising for the victims of Hurricane Charley in the year 2004 and the Hurricane Katrina in year 2005. They also conducted charity concerts for the victims of tsunami and they even establishes a charity called Music for Relief. Another thing was their participation in Live 8 which was a global awareness society. In year 2006, the band spend most of their times working on their third album. They planned to stay away from the usual kind of muscical tones they were playing which is already very predicatable for their usual listeners. They want some twist and change in their music style. (L.P. History) Music Genre Linkin Parks most music fall into alternative metal, nu metal and raprock. They were somehow influenced by hiphop, alternative rock and electronica. Discography 2000 Hybrid Theory 2001 In the End 2003 Reanimation 2003 Meteora 2003 Somewhere I Belong 2003 Live in Texas 2004 Numb/Encore 2004 Collision Course 2004 Breaking the Habit 2004 From the Inside 2007 Minutes to Midnight 2007 Shadow of the Day 2007 Bleed it Out 2008 Songs from the Underground 2008 Road to Revolution: Live at Milton Keynes 2008 Leave out All the Rest 2008 Given Up 2009 New Divide 2010 The Catalyst A Thousand Suns (Linkin Park)

Domestic Violence in Victorian England :: Victorian Era

Domestic Violence in Victorian England â€Å"Wife beating† was a prominent occurrence in Victorian times. It is socially acceptable and may be seen as a characteristic of the lower classes, but â€Å"wife beating† is prevalent in all classes. In William Montagu’s social investigation Round London: Down East and Up West, he tells of women in the hospital: â€Å"Sometimes as many as twelve or fourteen women may be seen seated in the receiving-room, waiting for their bruised and bleeding faces and bodies to be attended to [†¦] In nine cases out of ten the injuries have been inflicted by brutal and perhaps drunken husbands† (Montagu). Many incidents of domestic violence in Victorian times are influenced by alcohol. But â€Å"wife beating† is present in all classes, not just the lower classes as Montagu portrays. Caroline Norton, a Victorian author in mid nineteenth century England, commonly writes of her husbands continuous â€Å"wife-beating.† Her husband being a member of parli ament is obviously not lower class. Yet she writes of his â€Å"physical violence† towards her and how the servants restrain him from â€Å"inflicting serious damage† (Norton 1). Sir Pitt also beats his wife also even though he is considered upper class. The article â€Å"Spousal Abuse† discusses that Victorian perception of religion, domestic principles, and laws allows men to justify â€Å"wife-beating.† Domestic violence during Victorian times is mainly attributed to the idea that the man is the ruler in all worlds. The man’s responsibility of being a protector is the main idea in contributing to domestic violence. In the area of religion the â€Å"emphasis of religious based subordination suggested that, for a woman to be virtuous and serve God, she must follow the lead of her husband [†¦] this gave men the impression that they had a God given right to control their wives, even if this mean through the use of physical correction† (Nolte 1). Due to the fact that religion is claimed to be an important Victorian ideal, men believe that for women to lead a virtuous life, she must follow the wishes of her husband. Even if these wishes allow her to be beat. Domestic principles of Victorian England also promoted the dominance of men. The husband was the supreme being in the house and it was â€Å"a husband’s duty to protect his wife [†¦] this authority also allowed for him to use violence, if necessary, in order to keep her in line† (Nolte 3). Caroline Norton gave evidence of this when she disagreed with her husband upon the actions of another lady.

Is Communication Competency a Skill or an Art

Is Communication competency a skill or an art? Communication competency is a skill that relies on a combination of behavior and knowledge. To communicate effectively, you will need to understand cultural diversity, have good language skills, listening and interpersonal skills. According to David Morley’s essay, â€Å"Communication†, states that all communication refers to the activity of imparting, or transmitting messages containing, information, ideas, or knowledge. With communication you can earn the respect from thousands of people all due to the way you bring your message across.People with a clear vision and the skills to communicate that vision with the passion that makes them contagious become leaders. Leaders such as Alexander the Great, Napoleon, and Adolf Hitler radiate true inspiration and charisma. These great leaders were groomed from a very young age. Napoleon the first learned quickly the influence of the media and in 1793 published a prorepublican pamph let, â€Å" Le Souper de Beaucaire â€Å". He also founded two newspapers both for the troops in his army and also for circulation in France.His strict censorship and control from every aspect of the press, allowing the public to see what he wanted them to see. Alan Forrest in the, â€Å"Propaganda and the Legitimation of Power in Napoleonic France† explains how Napoleon fostered an important relationship with the art community. In doing this he forms an active role in controlling all forms of art production to suit his propaganda goals. Propaganda is an assertion of enthusiastic or energetic statement presented as a fact. Propaganda is a skilled form of communication that has been repeatedly used throughout history.Body language is non-verbal communication such as body posture, gestures, facial expressions and eye movements. The gestures or movements in which a person conscious or unconscious communicates their thoughts or feelings. Albert Mehrabian’s studies came t o two basic conclusions. The first is three basic elements in face-to-face communication; words, tone of voice, and nonverbal behavior (facial expressions). The second conclusion was how the person non-verbally match what is being said. Non-verbal cues are very mportant in conveying the message that the speaker is trying to give. Mehrabian’s studies linked the effect of three elements to communication: Words = 7%, Voice = 38%, and body language = 55%. Knowing this and reflecting back, Hitler was a highly skilled and effective speaker. He had a strong emotional persistence of purpose in his speeches. He would actually practice his speeches and new what hand gestures went where to make the best emphasis. Watching the videos of his speeches without tone lets you see the power in his body language.With tone you can hear the different vocal tones and emotion he used to convince the public. Hitler was mentored by Dietrich Eckart, one of the early founders of the occult Thule Societ y, and was taught politics. He learned how to use communication to get the public motivated and moving the direction he wanted them to go. He was able to turn an entire nation around, giving them a will to survive, to prosper making him a successful leader. Hitler was not a good person, but was a great Leader.A man like Alexander the Great through the teachings of the great philosopher Aristotle, was able to inspire keeping his army active and loyal using his excellent communication skills. This education built a strong emotional appeal (pathos) credibility of the speaker (ethos) and logic (logos). Giving him the intelligence to influence the audience to action. Rhetoric is the skill in the effective use of speech or writing as a way to persuade or influence people. Aristotle explains it best in the book, â€Å"Rhetoric† (trans. W. Rhys Roberts. :4:1359), who considers it a counterpart of both logic and politics, and calls it â€Å"the faculty of observing in any given case the available means of persuasion†. Rhetoric has been taught in universities during the middle ages and had influence within the church. Looking back through history we can see how the skill of communication has influenced the society. These men where able to take a handful of ideas, multiple language skills and transform them into a ceremony of communication. All of these men were very skilled in communication.When we look at these leaders, their education, their lives, and all the people that where constantly around them. We can only come to the conclusion that ‘Skill’ was the deciding factor of their success. The communication process requires multiple skills in interpersonal processing, listening, observing, speaking, and analyzing gestures. Communication is only complete when the listener understands what the speaker is trying to say. Misunderstandings are corrected by questions and answers, strategically placed examples or stories, follow up through critical thinking and feedback.Communication competency is a skill of getting your message across, through the background noise of culture. Using the appropriate words, preventing misunderstanding, understanding the audience, showing empathy, and communicating enthusiastically. Yes, Communication competency is a skill.Sources: †¢ Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia http://en. wikipedia. org/ †¢ David Morley’s essay, â€Å"Communication†. †¢ â€Å"Rhetoric† by Aristotle 350 B. C. E. (trans. W. Rhys Roberts. 1:4:1359) †¢ Mehrabian, Albert 1971. (Silent Messages)

Behaviorism and Its Critics

Behaviorism is the psychological application of logical positivism. Positivism, whose basis is in the 19th century, yet whose antecedents come much earlier, is designed to force epistemology into a purely scientific context. In so doing, it helped define the scientific method, as well as creating a stir in philosophical circles. This paper will do several things: it will define behaviorism and positivism, it will link the two together as one basic movement, it will detail some of the movement’s critics and finally, look at a possible application of behaviorism.Positivism and its daughter, behaviorism, derived as a critique of idealism, or, to define this somewhat eccentrically, the idea that mental states are, or can be, expressly determining of human behavior. Historically, such a view was held by such wildly diverse thinkers as Plato, Hume, Fichte, Nietzsche and Freud. While, at the same time, the more positivist and materialist vision of human behavior was held by Thomas Ho bbes and Karl Marx, both of whom held that material and external explanations of human behavior were wholly adequate to understand motives for action.In other words, for the behaviorist, external forces, forces that can be publically understood and witnessed, are fully proportionate to the acts that they cause. Behaviorism, as first defined in an explicitly scientific, psychological context by Watson (1912) is a reaction to idealism, loosely defined, that sought explanations for human action in internal mental states. Watson, at one fell swoop, eliminated consciousness from scientific explanation.Consciousness was something that could not be analyzed scientifically because it was a private affair, something experienced at an intimate and immediate level, and, hence, could not be the subject of a scientific experiment where all the relevant variables were available for all to see. In essence, Watson held that psychology can only be scientific by holding to the tenets of logical posit ivism. Psychology must use variables that are easily quantified, public and objective.Hence, mental states and consciousness as the basis of these mental states are not variables. In fact, Behaviorist Gustav Bergmann (1942) and B. F. Skinner (1978) held that such terms were meaningless, since they referred to nothing that can be quantified. Hence, if such terms were used in a scientific paper, they refer to nothing, and hence, create a question that cannot be solved, since the terms are not properly defined. For Watson and his followers, mankind was, in a psychological sense, no different from animals.Both humans and other animal species were fully determined by material causes acting on the human being, in terms of social forces and internal behavioral dispositions explainable in material terms. If this is true, then all personal and social behavior can be predicted and controlled (Harzem, 2004, 9). In summary, Watson and his followers were trying to create a form of psychology tha t could do away with all the ambiguities of the language of the philosophy of mind. Consciousness was not definable in quantifiable categories, and hence, was not scientific.Psychology then, could only proceed if it relied solely on quantifiable phenomenon and assumed that this was sufficient to give a full account of human behavior. This method of psychology was not without its critics. The main criticism of this approach is that it is simplistic. This criticism has been leveled many times against the logical positivists, not the least among such critics have been Nietzsche, Dostoyevskii and Sartre. For all three of these writers, the human subject is free, which means that physical causes and quantifiable categories do not suffice to complete account for specific human behaviors.For all of these famed writers, the human ego could detatch itself from its external surroundings and current mental states and hence direct itself. Dostoyevskii goes so far in his Notes From Underground a s to say that the deliberate believe that 2+2=5 is justified as a means of preserving one’s freedom of choice from the oppressive, materialistic straitjacket of scientific methods. From the point of view of pure psychology however, the first and most important of Watson’s critics was E. B. Titcherner (1917), who criticized Watson and his ideas on several areas.First, that the concept of science of the positivists was too narrow. It was an arbitrary Procrustean bed that eliminated some of the most important and intimate of human experience, which is the whole point of psychology in the first place. This has always been the existentialist criticism of positivism, that so much of what makes a human human is eliminated by the arbitrary demand that all relevant variables be quantifiable. It is almost as if the positivists demand to be the gate keepers of not only scientific answers, but also of the questions themselves.Nevertheless, Titcherner does hold that the positivist critique did some good for the discipline in that it did force psychology out of its older, purely internal methods. Prior to Watson, the discipline was concerned solely with internal mental states, and hence, lacked a certain scientific â€Å"rigor† to its conclusions. Furthermore, the clarification of language was also necessary and important. Hence, while he is willing to claim that the behaviorist is too doctrinaire in his views, that school was a necessary addition to the discipline.Secondly, Titcherner holds that it is arbitrary to say that consciousness cannot be a scientific object of study or explanation. And thirdly, that the positivists were holding that the concept of observation is also too narrow. Observation was somehow confused with quantification. If consciousness is a phenomenon, then science has something to say about it. Quantifiability is not the sine qua non of the scientific approach. The positivists, of whom Watson was an avid follower, eliminated thou ght, mind, and sensation from scientific study. This was unacceptable from both a scientific and specifically psychological point of view.Gustav Bergmann (1942), defends Watson’s basic theses a generation later on several counts. First, as a typical positivist, he is concerned wit the construction of a â€Å"meaningful† question or proposition. In order for this to be the case, the words in the proposition must be clearly defined and understood. X must mean x, and not x+y; connotation and denotation must be the same thing. Hence, the question is of clarity and public â€Å"observation† of the relative phenomena. In his (1942) essay, Bergmann holds that the most significant contribution to scientific discourse in his time was the positivist insistence on the clarification of language.For example, when one speaks of carbon, there is a very specific, definable and understandable entity involved. There are not two carbons, and there is no distinction between the con notation and denotation of carbon. The word â€Å"mind,† however, is very different. It can mean mental states, it can mean behavioral characteristics, it can mean personality, it can men general moral dispositions, as well as a host of other more nuanced ideas contained in the very general idea of mind,. Given this confusion, it cannot be meaningfully used in a sentence.Skinner (1978) went so far as to attempt to eliminated such words in psychological discourse (quoted in Addis, 1982). In other words, the positivist critique is not so much obsessed with quantification, but with clarity of language and scientific discourse. An important critic of the positivist/behaviorist approach is Peter Harzam. In his (2004) essay, he criticizes behaviorism on several grounds. Following Titcherner, Harzam holds that the assumption of materialism that undergirds behavioral methods is a non-scientific assumption.Materialism is one of those â€Å"nonsense† words that positivism must r eject, though it is almost always reluctant to do so. Materialism is not a scientific view, but rather a metaphysical one. Secondly, he is suspicious as to who the media and government establishment loved Watson so much. It seems that he opened up the door to later developments in psychotropic drugs, surveillance and an entire infrastructure of control that is based on behaviorist ideas, specifically, the idea that human beings can be manipulated like cattle, so long as the elite have adequate ideas as to what makes humans act.Though Harzam does not explicitly say this, it is a clear and uncomfortable conclusion of Watson’s teachings. And third Harzam holds that consciousness can be a scientific variable precisely on the grounds that it is experienced as the ground of experience, and therefore fits into the older, purely empirical scientific model of inquiry. Another critic of this regime is Laird Addis, who in his (1982) essay deals with the history and struggles of the beha viorist paradigm.Addis criticizes the behaviorist school in its large number of assumptions that it brings to psychology, namely that of materialism (again), and the basic notion, central to all who call themselves behaviorists, that all human actions whatever have an adequate cause that is quantifiable and material, that is, independent of consciousness or its objects. He wants to make a key clarification, however, and say that the positivist analysis holds that extra-physical ideas need not be taken into account to have a full understanding, but that such ideas can assist in clarifying the basis, physicalist account of action (Addis, 1982, 401-402).Like many others, Addis is uncomfortable with Watson’s early idea that control and prediction is the aim of science. Here, a rather social and political agenda has invaded the rarified air of positivist science. It is truth and adequacy that is at the center, not the eventual control over human behavior that Watson and Skinner se em to insist upon. A possible use for behaviorism has already developed substantially, that is, the development of chemical alterations of behavior.At best, this approach holds that mental states are wholly physical and hence, can be manipulated by physical means. If one reduced mental phenomenon to chemical causes, then one has reduced the mind to the interactions of chemicals and their synthesis in specific actions. If this is done, then certain drugs can be developed and administered that can alter the chemical interactions by adding new ones, and hence, affect the reaction of the person.The chemical approach to psychology is something purely positivist in that the language is clear so long as it retains the technical language of chemistry, it is publically understood since chemical interactions can be replicated in a laboratory, and the concepts of consciousness and thought are eliminated as causal variables. Hence, the development of drugs to deal with obsessive compulsive diso rder, depression and bi-polarity derive from the Watsonite approach.To conclude, it is clear that the Watsonite theory of human behavior is simply a positivist approach to the philosophy of mind. It approaches this discipline by negating it. Its basic ideas are that a) for any human act x, there is a completely adequate explanation y. b) y is always reducible to clear, quantifiable, and publically understood language. c) if not, then y is not completely adequate. Hence, there is an intersection of the clarity of language with that of quantifiability.Words in scientific discourse can only mean one thing, and cannot have the shades of meaning that make denotation different from connotation. Hence, many followers of Watson insist that their movement is based solely in the clarification of language rather than a elimination of concepts tout court. References: Addis, Laird. (1982). Behaviorism and the Philosophy of the Act. Nous, 16, 399-420 Bergmann, Gustav. (1942) An Empirical Schema o f the Psycho-physical Problem. The Philosophy of Science, 9, 72-91. Harzam, Peter.(2004). Behaviorism for the New Psychology: What was Wrong with Behaviorism and What is Wrong with it Now. Behaviorism and Philosophy, 32. 5-12. Watson, JB. (1913). Psychology as Behaviorism Views It. Psychology Review 20, 158-177. Titchener, EB (1917). On ‘Psychology as Behaviorism Views It. ’ The Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 53, 1-17. Skinner, BF. (1978). Reflections on Behaviorism and Society. Prentice Hall. Dostoyevskii, Fydor. (2006). Notes from Underground. Waking Lion Press.

Pen and Paper

Many people believe that formal â€Å"pen and paper† examinations are not the best method of assessing educational achievement.Discuss this view and give your own opinion.achievement ? improvement Schooling development is becoming increasingly popular and prominent as well as education improvement is (the improvement of education representing) (N+N) an essential stage for any countries(country) which seeking to develop itself. Number of people (A considerable number of people ) think that using a pen and paper in examinations are(is) not the best way of appreciation education achievement(means by which to appreciate educational achievement) .Opponents regards(regard) that using(the use of) classic formal (pen and paper)examinations are(as being)(( the best manner of assessing education development (by which to assess educational development). This essay will discuss these tow (two) views in terms of the technological field and the traditional field .On the one hand , there is no justification for using traditional examinations in the presence (the face of the expansion) of technology . By(The use of) technological tools and programs becomes processing a data (makes data processing) after the test very(highly) comfortable and easy (straightforward). In addition , it can be use the information(the information can be used) to discover things(examine issues) such as the discovery of common mistakes , finding the most difficult questions and many more(so on) . Furthermore , it is really easy to correct examinations after the exams(subsequent to being sat) , as well as do not take a long(taking less) time to finish all it (such corrections). For example , the TCExam is an electronic tasting(testing) program which(for) making a exams and (that) it can correct 100 exams for (in) less than one minute . Because of technology , it could say (be said that) we do not use traditional exams are no longer needed.On the other hand , classic exams could reinforce a saving words(the retention of information) in the human memory rather(better) than any(other) method . For instance , According(according) to statistics , when the learner use writing(writes information) by hand , prevent forget words(they forget)30% for the (less of the information than a )person using a computer . Moreover , using a pen and paper in a formal are(setting allows for a) very straightforward examinations . When(When) are decided(deciding) to using(use) a traditional exams technique , there is only a need to (for) papers and pens , unlike technological exams which need to(a) complete set of equipment . and accurate . As a result , using(the use of a) formal (pen and paper) examination can represent a substantial element in education(educational) development .In conclusion , it might not be possible to cover all the aspects of this issue . However , this essay has focused only on the technological field and traditional fields . The most important points that have mentioned are that there is no justification for using traditional examinations in the presence of technology , and (whilst )using a pen and paper formal are(allows for a) very straightforward examinations . Finally , it can be said that using technological exams most likely represents the best way of assessing education(educational) achievement .